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sqlglot.dialects.presto

  1from __future__ import annotations
  2
  3import typing as t
  4
  5from sqlglot import exp, generator, parser, tokens, transforms
  6from sqlglot.dialects.dialect import (
  7    Dialect,
  8    NormalizationStrategy,
  9    binary_from_function,
 10    bool_xor_sql,
 11    date_trunc_to_time,
 12    datestrtodate_sql,
 13    encode_decode_sql,
 14    build_formatted_time,
 15    if_sql,
 16    left_to_substring_sql,
 17    no_ilike_sql,
 18    no_pivot_sql,
 19    no_safe_divide_sql,
 20    no_timestamp_sql,
 21    regexp_extract_sql,
 22    rename_func,
 23    right_to_substring_sql,
 24    sha256_sql,
 25    struct_extract_sql,
 26    str_position_sql,
 27    timestamptrunc_sql,
 28    timestrtotime_sql,
 29    ts_or_ds_add_cast,
 30    unit_to_str,
 31)
 32from sqlglot.dialects.hive import Hive
 33from sqlglot.dialects.mysql import MySQL
 34from sqlglot.helper import apply_index_offset, seq_get
 35from sqlglot.tokens import TokenType
 36from sqlglot.transforms import unqualify_columns
 37
 38
 39def _explode_to_unnest_sql(self: Presto.Generator, expression: exp.Lateral) -> str:
 40    if isinstance(expression.this, exp.Explode):
 41        return self.sql(
 42            exp.Join(
 43                this=exp.Unnest(
 44                    expressions=[expression.this.this],
 45                    alias=expression.args.get("alias"),
 46                    offset=isinstance(expression.this, exp.Posexplode),
 47                ),
 48                kind="cross",
 49            )
 50        )
 51    return self.lateral_sql(expression)
 52
 53
 54def _initcap_sql(self: Presto.Generator, expression: exp.Initcap) -> str:
 55    regex = r"(\w)(\w*)"
 56    return f"REGEXP_REPLACE({self.sql(expression, 'this')}, '{regex}', x -> UPPER(x[1]) || LOWER(x[2]))"
 57
 58
 59def _no_sort_array(self: Presto.Generator, expression: exp.SortArray) -> str:
 60    if expression.args.get("asc") == exp.false():
 61        comparator = "(a, b) -> CASE WHEN a < b THEN 1 WHEN a > b THEN -1 ELSE 0 END"
 62    else:
 63        comparator = None
 64    return self.func("ARRAY_SORT", expression.this, comparator)
 65
 66
 67def _schema_sql(self: Presto.Generator, expression: exp.Schema) -> str:
 68    if isinstance(expression.parent, exp.Property):
 69        columns = ", ".join(f"'{c.name}'" for c in expression.expressions)
 70        return f"ARRAY[{columns}]"
 71
 72    if expression.parent:
 73        for schema in expression.parent.find_all(exp.Schema):
 74            column_defs = schema.find_all(exp.ColumnDef)
 75            if column_defs and isinstance(schema.parent, exp.Property):
 76                expression.expressions.extend(column_defs)
 77
 78    return self.schema_sql(expression)
 79
 80
 81def _quantile_sql(self: Presto.Generator, expression: exp.Quantile) -> str:
 82    self.unsupported("Presto does not support exact quantiles")
 83    return self.func("APPROX_PERCENTILE", expression.this, expression.args.get("quantile"))
 84
 85
 86def _str_to_time_sql(
 87    self: Presto.Generator, expression: exp.StrToDate | exp.StrToTime | exp.TsOrDsToDate
 88) -> str:
 89    return self.func("DATE_PARSE", expression.this, self.format_time(expression))
 90
 91
 92def _ts_or_ds_to_date_sql(self: Presto.Generator, expression: exp.TsOrDsToDate) -> str:
 93    time_format = self.format_time(expression)
 94    if time_format and time_format not in (Presto.TIME_FORMAT, Presto.DATE_FORMAT):
 95        return self.sql(exp.cast(_str_to_time_sql(self, expression), exp.DataType.Type.DATE))
 96    return self.sql(
 97        exp.cast(exp.cast(expression.this, exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP), exp.DataType.Type.DATE)
 98    )
 99
100
101def _ts_or_ds_add_sql(self: Presto.Generator, expression: exp.TsOrDsAdd) -> str:
102    expression = ts_or_ds_add_cast(expression)
103    unit = unit_to_str(expression)
104    return self.func("DATE_ADD", unit, expression.expression, expression.this)
105
106
107def _ts_or_ds_diff_sql(self: Presto.Generator, expression: exp.TsOrDsDiff) -> str:
108    this = exp.cast(expression.this, exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP)
109    expr = exp.cast(expression.expression, exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP)
110    unit = unit_to_str(expression)
111    return self.func("DATE_DIFF", unit, expr, this)
112
113
114def _build_approx_percentile(args: t.List) -> exp.Expression:
115    if len(args) == 4:
116        return exp.ApproxQuantile(
117            this=seq_get(args, 0),
118            weight=seq_get(args, 1),
119            quantile=seq_get(args, 2),
120            accuracy=seq_get(args, 3),
121        )
122    if len(args) == 3:
123        return exp.ApproxQuantile(
124            this=seq_get(args, 0), quantile=seq_get(args, 1), accuracy=seq_get(args, 2)
125        )
126    return exp.ApproxQuantile.from_arg_list(args)
127
128
129def _build_from_unixtime(args: t.List) -> exp.Expression:
130    if len(args) == 3:
131        return exp.UnixToTime(
132            this=seq_get(args, 0),
133            hours=seq_get(args, 1),
134            minutes=seq_get(args, 2),
135        )
136    if len(args) == 2:
137        return exp.UnixToTime(this=seq_get(args, 0), zone=seq_get(args, 1))
138
139    return exp.UnixToTime.from_arg_list(args)
140
141
142def _unnest_sequence(expression: exp.Expression) -> exp.Expression:
143    if isinstance(expression, exp.Table):
144        if isinstance(expression.this, exp.GenerateSeries):
145            unnest = exp.Unnest(expressions=[expression.this])
146
147            if expression.alias:
148                return exp.alias_(unnest, alias="_u", table=[expression.alias], copy=False)
149            return unnest
150    return expression
151
152
153def _first_last_sql(self: Presto.Generator, expression: exp.Func) -> str:
154    """
155    Trino doesn't support FIRST / LAST as functions, but they're valid in the context
156    of MATCH_RECOGNIZE, so we need to preserve them in that case. In all other cases
157    they're converted into an ARBITRARY call.
158
159    Reference: https://trino.io/docs/current/sql/match-recognize.html#logical-navigation-functions
160    """
161    if isinstance(expression.find_ancestor(exp.MatchRecognize, exp.Select), exp.MatchRecognize):
162        return self.function_fallback_sql(expression)
163
164    return rename_func("ARBITRARY")(self, expression)
165
166
167def _unix_to_time_sql(self: Presto.Generator, expression: exp.UnixToTime) -> str:
168    scale = expression.args.get("scale")
169    timestamp = self.sql(expression, "this")
170    if scale in (None, exp.UnixToTime.SECONDS):
171        return rename_func("FROM_UNIXTIME")(self, expression)
172
173    return f"FROM_UNIXTIME(CAST({timestamp} AS DOUBLE) / POW(10, {scale}))"
174
175
176def _to_int(expression: exp.Expression) -> exp.Expression:
177    if not expression.type:
178        from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types
179
180        annotate_types(expression)
181    if expression.type and expression.type.this not in exp.DataType.INTEGER_TYPES:
182        return exp.cast(expression, to=exp.DataType.Type.BIGINT)
183    return expression
184
185
186def _build_to_char(args: t.List) -> exp.TimeToStr:
187    fmt = seq_get(args, 1)
188    if isinstance(fmt, exp.Literal):
189        # We uppercase this to match Teradata's format mapping keys
190        fmt.set("this", fmt.this.upper())
191
192    # We use "teradata" on purpose here, because the time formats are different in Presto.
193    # See https://prestodb.io/docs/current/functions/teradata.html?highlight=to_char#to_char
194    return build_formatted_time(exp.TimeToStr, "teradata")(args)
195
196
197class Presto(Dialect):
198    INDEX_OFFSET = 1
199    NULL_ORDERING = "nulls_are_last"
200    TIME_FORMAT = MySQL.TIME_FORMAT
201    TIME_MAPPING = MySQL.TIME_MAPPING
202    STRICT_STRING_CONCAT = True
203    SUPPORTS_SEMI_ANTI_JOIN = False
204    TYPED_DIVISION = True
205    TABLESAMPLE_SIZE_IS_PERCENT = True
206    LOG_BASE_FIRST: t.Optional[bool] = None
207
208    # https://github.com/trinodb/trino/issues/17
209    # https://github.com/trinodb/trino/issues/12289
210    # https://github.com/prestodb/presto/issues/2863
211    NORMALIZATION_STRATEGY = NormalizationStrategy.CASE_INSENSITIVE
212
213    class Tokenizer(tokens.Tokenizer):
214        UNICODE_STRINGS = [
215            (prefix + q, q)
216            for q in t.cast(t.List[str], tokens.Tokenizer.QUOTES)
217            for prefix in ("U&", "u&")
218        ]
219
220        KEYWORDS = {
221            **tokens.Tokenizer.KEYWORDS,
222            "START": TokenType.BEGIN,
223            "MATCH_RECOGNIZE": TokenType.MATCH_RECOGNIZE,
224            "ROW": TokenType.STRUCT,
225            "IPADDRESS": TokenType.IPADDRESS,
226            "IPPREFIX": TokenType.IPPREFIX,
227            "TDIGEST": TokenType.TDIGEST,
228            "HYPERLOGLOG": TokenType.HLLSKETCH,
229        }
230        KEYWORDS.pop("/*+")
231        KEYWORDS.pop("QUALIFY")
232
233    class Parser(parser.Parser):
234        VALUES_FOLLOWED_BY_PAREN = False
235
236        FUNCTIONS = {
237            **parser.Parser.FUNCTIONS,
238            "ARBITRARY": exp.AnyValue.from_arg_list,
239            "APPROX_DISTINCT": exp.ApproxDistinct.from_arg_list,
240            "APPROX_PERCENTILE": _build_approx_percentile,
241            "BITWISE_AND": binary_from_function(exp.BitwiseAnd),
242            "BITWISE_NOT": lambda args: exp.BitwiseNot(this=seq_get(args, 0)),
243            "BITWISE_OR": binary_from_function(exp.BitwiseOr),
244            "BITWISE_XOR": binary_from_function(exp.BitwiseXor),
245            "CARDINALITY": exp.ArraySize.from_arg_list,
246            "CONTAINS": exp.ArrayContains.from_arg_list,
247            "DATE_ADD": lambda args: exp.DateAdd(
248                this=seq_get(args, 2), expression=seq_get(args, 1), unit=seq_get(args, 0)
249            ),
250            "DATE_DIFF": lambda args: exp.DateDiff(
251                this=seq_get(args, 2), expression=seq_get(args, 1), unit=seq_get(args, 0)
252            ),
253            "DATE_FORMAT": build_formatted_time(exp.TimeToStr, "presto"),
254            "DATE_PARSE": build_formatted_time(exp.StrToTime, "presto"),
255            "DATE_TRUNC": date_trunc_to_time,
256            "ELEMENT_AT": lambda args: exp.Bracket(
257                this=seq_get(args, 0), expressions=[seq_get(args, 1)], offset=1, safe=True
258            ),
259            "FROM_HEX": exp.Unhex.from_arg_list,
260            "FROM_UNIXTIME": _build_from_unixtime,
261            "FROM_UTF8": lambda args: exp.Decode(
262                this=seq_get(args, 0), replace=seq_get(args, 1), charset=exp.Literal.string("utf-8")
263            ),
264            "NOW": exp.CurrentTimestamp.from_arg_list,
265            "REGEXP_EXTRACT": lambda args: exp.RegexpExtract(
266                this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=seq_get(args, 1), group=seq_get(args, 2)
267            ),
268            "REGEXP_REPLACE": lambda args: exp.RegexpReplace(
269                this=seq_get(args, 0),
270                expression=seq_get(args, 1),
271                replacement=seq_get(args, 2) or exp.Literal.string(""),
272            ),
273            "ROW": exp.Struct.from_arg_list,
274            "SEQUENCE": exp.GenerateSeries.from_arg_list,
275            "SET_AGG": exp.ArrayUniqueAgg.from_arg_list,
276            "SPLIT_TO_MAP": exp.StrToMap.from_arg_list,
277            "STRPOS": lambda args: exp.StrPosition(
278                this=seq_get(args, 0), substr=seq_get(args, 1), instance=seq_get(args, 2)
279            ),
280            "TO_CHAR": _build_to_char,
281            "TO_UNIXTIME": exp.TimeToUnix.from_arg_list,
282            "TO_UTF8": lambda args: exp.Encode(
283                this=seq_get(args, 0), charset=exp.Literal.string("utf-8")
284            ),
285            "MD5": exp.MD5Digest.from_arg_list,
286            "SHA256": lambda args: exp.SHA2(this=seq_get(args, 0), length=exp.Literal.number(256)),
287            "SHA512": lambda args: exp.SHA2(this=seq_get(args, 0), length=exp.Literal.number(512)),
288        }
289
290        FUNCTION_PARSERS = parser.Parser.FUNCTION_PARSERS.copy()
291        FUNCTION_PARSERS.pop("TRIM")
292
293    class Generator(generator.Generator):
294        INTERVAL_ALLOWS_PLURAL_FORM = False
295        JOIN_HINTS = False
296        TABLE_HINTS = False
297        QUERY_HINTS = False
298        IS_BOOL_ALLOWED = False
299        TZ_TO_WITH_TIME_ZONE = True
300        NVL2_SUPPORTED = False
301        STRUCT_DELIMITER = ("(", ")")
302        LIMIT_ONLY_LITERALS = True
303        SUPPORTS_SINGLE_ARG_CONCAT = False
304        LIKE_PROPERTY_INSIDE_SCHEMA = True
305        MULTI_ARG_DISTINCT = False
306        SUPPORTS_TO_NUMBER = False
307        HEX_FUNC = "TO_HEX"
308        PARSE_JSON_NAME = "JSON_PARSE"
309
310        PROPERTIES_LOCATION = {
311            **generator.Generator.PROPERTIES_LOCATION,
312            exp.LocationProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
313            exp.VolatileProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
314        }
315
316        TYPE_MAPPING = {
317            **generator.Generator.TYPE_MAPPING,
318            exp.DataType.Type.INT: "INTEGER",
319            exp.DataType.Type.FLOAT: "REAL",
320            exp.DataType.Type.BINARY: "VARBINARY",
321            exp.DataType.Type.TEXT: "VARCHAR",
322            exp.DataType.Type.TIMETZ: "TIME",
323            exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPTZ: "TIMESTAMP",
324            exp.DataType.Type.STRUCT: "ROW",
325            exp.DataType.Type.DATETIME: "TIMESTAMP",
326            exp.DataType.Type.DATETIME64: "TIMESTAMP",
327            exp.DataType.Type.HLLSKETCH: "HYPERLOGLOG",
328        }
329
330        TRANSFORMS = {
331            **generator.Generator.TRANSFORMS,
332            exp.AnyValue: rename_func("ARBITRARY"),
333            exp.ApproxDistinct: lambda self, e: self.func(
334                "APPROX_DISTINCT", e.this, e.args.get("accuracy")
335            ),
336            exp.ApproxQuantile: rename_func("APPROX_PERCENTILE"),
337            exp.ArgMax: rename_func("MAX_BY"),
338            exp.ArgMin: rename_func("MIN_BY"),
339            exp.Array: lambda self, e: f"ARRAY[{self.expressions(e, flat=True)}]",
340            exp.ArrayAny: rename_func("ANY_MATCH"),
341            exp.ArrayConcat: rename_func("CONCAT"),
342            exp.ArrayContains: rename_func("CONTAINS"),
343            exp.ArraySize: rename_func("CARDINALITY"),
344            exp.ArrayToString: rename_func("ARRAY_JOIN"),
345            exp.ArrayUniqueAgg: rename_func("SET_AGG"),
346            exp.AtTimeZone: rename_func("AT_TIMEZONE"),
347            exp.BitwiseAnd: lambda self, e: self.func("BITWISE_AND", e.this, e.expression),
348            exp.BitwiseLeftShift: lambda self, e: self.func(
349                "BITWISE_ARITHMETIC_SHIFT_LEFT", e.this, e.expression
350            ),
351            exp.BitwiseNot: lambda self, e: self.func("BITWISE_NOT", e.this),
352            exp.BitwiseOr: lambda self, e: self.func("BITWISE_OR", e.this, e.expression),
353            exp.BitwiseRightShift: lambda self, e: self.func(
354                "BITWISE_ARITHMETIC_SHIFT_RIGHT", e.this, e.expression
355            ),
356            exp.BitwiseXor: lambda self, e: self.func("BITWISE_XOR", e.this, e.expression),
357            exp.Cast: transforms.preprocess([transforms.epoch_cast_to_ts]),
358            exp.CurrentTimestamp: lambda *_: "CURRENT_TIMESTAMP",
359            exp.DateAdd: lambda self, e: self.func(
360                "DATE_ADD",
361                unit_to_str(e),
362                _to_int(e.expression),
363                e.this,
364            ),
365            exp.DateDiff: lambda self, e: self.func(
366                "DATE_DIFF", unit_to_str(e), e.expression, e.this
367            ),
368            exp.DateStrToDate: datestrtodate_sql,
369            exp.DateToDi: lambda self,
370            e: f"CAST(DATE_FORMAT({self.sql(e, 'this')}, {Presto.DATEINT_FORMAT}) AS INT)",
371            exp.DateSub: lambda self, e: self.func(
372                "DATE_ADD",
373                unit_to_str(e),
374                _to_int(e.expression * -1),
375                e.this,
376            ),
377            exp.Decode: lambda self, e: encode_decode_sql(self, e, "FROM_UTF8"),
378            exp.DiToDate: lambda self,
379            e: f"CAST(DATE_PARSE(CAST({self.sql(e, 'this')} AS VARCHAR), {Presto.DATEINT_FORMAT}) AS DATE)",
380            exp.Encode: lambda self, e: encode_decode_sql(self, e, "TO_UTF8"),
381            exp.FileFormatProperty: lambda self, e: f"FORMAT='{e.name.upper()}'",
382            exp.First: _first_last_sql,
383            exp.FirstValue: _first_last_sql,
384            exp.FromTimeZone: lambda self,
385            e: f"WITH_TIMEZONE({self.sql(e, 'this')}, {self.sql(e, 'zone')}) AT TIME ZONE 'UTC'",
386            exp.Group: transforms.preprocess([transforms.unalias_group]),
387            exp.GroupConcat: lambda self, e: self.func(
388                "ARRAY_JOIN", self.func("ARRAY_AGG", e.this), e.args.get("separator")
389            ),
390            exp.If: if_sql(),
391            exp.ILike: no_ilike_sql,
392            exp.Initcap: _initcap_sql,
393            exp.Last: _first_last_sql,
394            exp.LastValue: _first_last_sql,
395            exp.LastDay: lambda self, e: self.func("LAST_DAY_OF_MONTH", e.this),
396            exp.Lateral: _explode_to_unnest_sql,
397            exp.Left: left_to_substring_sql,
398            exp.Levenshtein: rename_func("LEVENSHTEIN_DISTANCE"),
399            exp.LogicalAnd: rename_func("BOOL_AND"),
400            exp.LogicalOr: rename_func("BOOL_OR"),
401            exp.Pivot: no_pivot_sql,
402            exp.Quantile: _quantile_sql,
403            exp.RegexpExtract: regexp_extract_sql,
404            exp.Right: right_to_substring_sql,
405            exp.SafeDivide: no_safe_divide_sql,
406            exp.Schema: _schema_sql,
407            exp.SchemaCommentProperty: lambda self, e: self.naked_property(e),
408            exp.Select: transforms.preprocess(
409                [
410                    transforms.eliminate_qualify,
411                    transforms.eliminate_distinct_on,
412                    transforms.explode_to_unnest(1),
413                    transforms.eliminate_semi_and_anti_joins,
414                ]
415            ),
416            exp.SortArray: _no_sort_array,
417            exp.StrPosition: lambda self, e: str_position_sql(self, e, generate_instance=True),
418            exp.StrToDate: lambda self, e: f"CAST({_str_to_time_sql(self, e)} AS DATE)",
419            exp.StrToMap: rename_func("SPLIT_TO_MAP"),
420            exp.StrToTime: _str_to_time_sql,
421            exp.StructExtract: struct_extract_sql,
422            exp.Table: transforms.preprocess([_unnest_sequence]),
423            exp.Timestamp: no_timestamp_sql,
424            exp.TimestampTrunc: timestamptrunc_sql(),
425            exp.TimeStrToDate: timestrtotime_sql,
426            exp.TimeStrToTime: timestrtotime_sql,
427            exp.TimeStrToUnix: lambda self, e: self.func(
428                "TO_UNIXTIME", self.func("DATE_PARSE", e.this, Presto.TIME_FORMAT)
429            ),
430            exp.TimeToStr: lambda self, e: self.func("DATE_FORMAT", e.this, self.format_time(e)),
431            exp.TimeToUnix: rename_func("TO_UNIXTIME"),
432            exp.ToChar: lambda self, e: self.func("DATE_FORMAT", e.this, self.format_time(e)),
433            exp.TryCast: transforms.preprocess([transforms.epoch_cast_to_ts]),
434            exp.TsOrDiToDi: lambda self,
435            e: f"CAST(SUBSTR(REPLACE(CAST({self.sql(e, 'this')} AS VARCHAR), '-', ''), 1, 8) AS INT)",
436            exp.TsOrDsAdd: _ts_or_ds_add_sql,
437            exp.TsOrDsDiff: _ts_or_ds_diff_sql,
438            exp.TsOrDsToDate: _ts_or_ds_to_date_sql,
439            exp.Unhex: rename_func("FROM_HEX"),
440            exp.UnixToStr: lambda self,
441            e: f"DATE_FORMAT(FROM_UNIXTIME({self.sql(e, 'this')}), {self.format_time(e)})",
442            exp.UnixToTime: _unix_to_time_sql,
443            exp.UnixToTimeStr: lambda self,
444            e: f"CAST(FROM_UNIXTIME({self.sql(e, 'this')}) AS VARCHAR)",
445            exp.VariancePop: rename_func("VAR_POP"),
446            exp.With: transforms.preprocess([transforms.add_recursive_cte_column_names]),
447            exp.WithinGroup: transforms.preprocess(
448                [transforms.remove_within_group_for_percentiles]
449            ),
450            exp.Xor: bool_xor_sql,
451            exp.MD5: lambda self, e: self.func(
452                "LOWER", self.func("TO_HEX", self.func("MD5", self.sql(e, "this")))
453            ),
454            exp.MD5Digest: rename_func("MD5"),
455            exp.SHA: rename_func("SHA1"),
456            exp.SHA2: sha256_sql,
457        }
458
459        RESERVED_KEYWORDS = {
460            "alter",
461            "and",
462            "as",
463            "between",
464            "by",
465            "case",
466            "cast",
467            "constraint",
468            "create",
469            "cross",
470            "current_time",
471            "current_timestamp",
472            "deallocate",
473            "delete",
474            "describe",
475            "distinct",
476            "drop",
477            "else",
478            "end",
479            "escape",
480            "except",
481            "execute",
482            "exists",
483            "extract",
484            "false",
485            "for",
486            "from",
487            "full",
488            "group",
489            "having",
490            "in",
491            "inner",
492            "insert",
493            "intersect",
494            "into",
495            "is",
496            "join",
497            "left",
498            "like",
499            "natural",
500            "not",
501            "null",
502            "on",
503            "or",
504            "order",
505            "outer",
506            "prepare",
507            "right",
508            "select",
509            "table",
510            "then",
511            "true",
512            "union",
513            "using",
514            "values",
515            "when",
516            "where",
517            "with",
518        }
519
520        def strtounix_sql(self, expression: exp.StrToUnix) -> str:
521            # Since `TO_UNIXTIME` requires a `TIMESTAMP`, we need to parse the argument into one.
522            # To do this, we first try to `DATE_PARSE` it, but since this can fail when there's a
523            # timezone involved, we wrap it in a `TRY` call and use `PARSE_DATETIME` as a fallback,
524            # which seems to be using the same time mapping as Hive, as per:
525            # https://joda-time.sourceforge.net/apidocs/org/joda/time/format/DateTimeFormat.html
526            value_as_text = exp.cast(expression.this, exp.DataType.Type.TEXT)
527            parse_without_tz = self.func("DATE_PARSE", value_as_text, self.format_time(expression))
528            parse_with_tz = self.func(
529                "PARSE_DATETIME",
530                value_as_text,
531                self.format_time(expression, Hive.INVERSE_TIME_MAPPING, Hive.INVERSE_TIME_TRIE),
532            )
533            coalesced = self.func("COALESCE", self.func("TRY", parse_without_tz), parse_with_tz)
534            return self.func("TO_UNIXTIME", coalesced)
535
536        def bracket_sql(self, expression: exp.Bracket) -> str:
537            if expression.args.get("safe"):
538                return self.func(
539                    "ELEMENT_AT",
540                    expression.this,
541                    seq_get(
542                        apply_index_offset(
543                            expression.this,
544                            expression.expressions,
545                            1 - expression.args.get("offset", 0),
546                        ),
547                        0,
548                    ),
549                )
550            return super().bracket_sql(expression)
551
552        def struct_sql(self, expression: exp.Struct) -> str:
553            from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types
554
555            expression = annotate_types(expression)
556            values: t.List[str] = []
557            schema: t.List[str] = []
558            unknown_type = False
559
560            for e in expression.expressions:
561                if isinstance(e, exp.PropertyEQ):
562                    if e.type and e.type.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.UNKNOWN):
563                        unknown_type = True
564                    else:
565                        schema.append(f"{self.sql(e, 'this')} {self.sql(e.type)}")
566                    values.append(self.sql(e, "expression"))
567                else:
568                    values.append(self.sql(e))
569
570            size = len(expression.expressions)
571
572            if not size or len(schema) != size:
573                if unknown_type:
574                    self.unsupported(
575                        "Cannot convert untyped key-value definitions (try annotate_types)."
576                    )
577                return self.func("ROW", *values)
578            return f"CAST(ROW({', '.join(values)}) AS ROW({', '.join(schema)}))"
579
580        def interval_sql(self, expression: exp.Interval) -> str:
581            if expression.this and expression.text("unit").upper().startswith("WEEK"):
582                return f"({expression.this.name} * INTERVAL '7' DAY)"
583            return super().interval_sql(expression)
584
585        def transaction_sql(self, expression: exp.Transaction) -> str:
586            modes = expression.args.get("modes")
587            modes = f" {', '.join(modes)}" if modes else ""
588            return f"START TRANSACTION{modes}"
589
590        def generateseries_sql(self, expression: exp.GenerateSeries) -> str:
591            start = expression.args["start"]
592            end = expression.args["end"]
593            step = expression.args.get("step")
594
595            if isinstance(start, exp.Cast):
596                target_type = start.to
597            elif isinstance(end, exp.Cast):
598                target_type = end.to
599            else:
600                target_type = None
601
602            if target_type and target_type.is_type("timestamp"):
603                if target_type is start.to:
604                    end = exp.cast(end, target_type)
605                else:
606                    start = exp.cast(start, target_type)
607
608            return self.func("SEQUENCE", start, end, step)
609
610        def offset_limit_modifiers(
611            self, expression: exp.Expression, fetch: bool, limit: t.Optional[exp.Fetch | exp.Limit]
612        ) -> t.List[str]:
613            return [
614                self.sql(expression, "offset"),
615                self.sql(limit),
616            ]
617
618        def create_sql(self, expression: exp.Create) -> str:
619            """
620            Presto doesn't support CREATE VIEW with expressions (ex: `CREATE VIEW x (cola)` then `(cola)` is the expression),
621            so we need to remove them
622            """
623            kind = expression.args["kind"]
624            schema = expression.this
625            if kind == "VIEW" and schema.expressions:
626                expression.this.set("expressions", None)
627            return super().create_sql(expression)
628
629        def delete_sql(self, expression: exp.Delete) -> str:
630            """
631            Presto only supports DELETE FROM for a single table without an alias, so we need
632            to remove the unnecessary parts. If the original DELETE statement contains more
633            than one table to be deleted, we can't safely map it 1-1 to a Presto statement.
634            """
635            tables = expression.args.get("tables") or [expression.this]
636            if len(tables) > 1:
637                return super().delete_sql(expression)
638
639            table = tables[0]
640            expression.set("this", table)
641            expression.set("tables", None)
642
643            if isinstance(table, exp.Table):
644                table_alias = table.args.get("alias")
645                if table_alias:
646                    table_alias.pop()
647                    expression = t.cast(exp.Delete, expression.transform(unqualify_columns))
648
649            return super().delete_sql(expression)
class Presto(sqlglot.dialects.dialect.Dialect):
198class Presto(Dialect):
199    INDEX_OFFSET = 1
200    NULL_ORDERING = "nulls_are_last"
201    TIME_FORMAT = MySQL.TIME_FORMAT
202    TIME_MAPPING = MySQL.TIME_MAPPING
203    STRICT_STRING_CONCAT = True
204    SUPPORTS_SEMI_ANTI_JOIN = False
205    TYPED_DIVISION = True
206    TABLESAMPLE_SIZE_IS_PERCENT = True
207    LOG_BASE_FIRST: t.Optional[bool] = None
208
209    # https://github.com/trinodb/trino/issues/17
210    # https://github.com/trinodb/trino/issues/12289
211    # https://github.com/prestodb/presto/issues/2863
212    NORMALIZATION_STRATEGY = NormalizationStrategy.CASE_INSENSITIVE
213
214    class Tokenizer(tokens.Tokenizer):
215        UNICODE_STRINGS = [
216            (prefix + q, q)
217            for q in t.cast(t.List[str], tokens.Tokenizer.QUOTES)
218            for prefix in ("U&", "u&")
219        ]
220
221        KEYWORDS = {
222            **tokens.Tokenizer.KEYWORDS,
223            "START": TokenType.BEGIN,
224            "MATCH_RECOGNIZE": TokenType.MATCH_RECOGNIZE,
225            "ROW": TokenType.STRUCT,
226            "IPADDRESS": TokenType.IPADDRESS,
227            "IPPREFIX": TokenType.IPPREFIX,
228            "TDIGEST": TokenType.TDIGEST,
229            "HYPERLOGLOG": TokenType.HLLSKETCH,
230        }
231        KEYWORDS.pop("/*+")
232        KEYWORDS.pop("QUALIFY")
233
234    class Parser(parser.Parser):
235        VALUES_FOLLOWED_BY_PAREN = False
236
237        FUNCTIONS = {
238            **parser.Parser.FUNCTIONS,
239            "ARBITRARY": exp.AnyValue.from_arg_list,
240            "APPROX_DISTINCT": exp.ApproxDistinct.from_arg_list,
241            "APPROX_PERCENTILE": _build_approx_percentile,
242            "BITWISE_AND": binary_from_function(exp.BitwiseAnd),
243            "BITWISE_NOT": lambda args: exp.BitwiseNot(this=seq_get(args, 0)),
244            "BITWISE_OR": binary_from_function(exp.BitwiseOr),
245            "BITWISE_XOR": binary_from_function(exp.BitwiseXor),
246            "CARDINALITY": exp.ArraySize.from_arg_list,
247            "CONTAINS": exp.ArrayContains.from_arg_list,
248            "DATE_ADD": lambda args: exp.DateAdd(
249                this=seq_get(args, 2), expression=seq_get(args, 1), unit=seq_get(args, 0)
250            ),
251            "DATE_DIFF": lambda args: exp.DateDiff(
252                this=seq_get(args, 2), expression=seq_get(args, 1), unit=seq_get(args, 0)
253            ),
254            "DATE_FORMAT": build_formatted_time(exp.TimeToStr, "presto"),
255            "DATE_PARSE": build_formatted_time(exp.StrToTime, "presto"),
256            "DATE_TRUNC": date_trunc_to_time,
257            "ELEMENT_AT": lambda args: exp.Bracket(
258                this=seq_get(args, 0), expressions=[seq_get(args, 1)], offset=1, safe=True
259            ),
260            "FROM_HEX": exp.Unhex.from_arg_list,
261            "FROM_UNIXTIME": _build_from_unixtime,
262            "FROM_UTF8": lambda args: exp.Decode(
263                this=seq_get(args, 0), replace=seq_get(args, 1), charset=exp.Literal.string("utf-8")
264            ),
265            "NOW": exp.CurrentTimestamp.from_arg_list,
266            "REGEXP_EXTRACT": lambda args: exp.RegexpExtract(
267                this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=seq_get(args, 1), group=seq_get(args, 2)
268            ),
269            "REGEXP_REPLACE": lambda args: exp.RegexpReplace(
270                this=seq_get(args, 0),
271                expression=seq_get(args, 1),
272                replacement=seq_get(args, 2) or exp.Literal.string(""),
273            ),
274            "ROW": exp.Struct.from_arg_list,
275            "SEQUENCE": exp.GenerateSeries.from_arg_list,
276            "SET_AGG": exp.ArrayUniqueAgg.from_arg_list,
277            "SPLIT_TO_MAP": exp.StrToMap.from_arg_list,
278            "STRPOS": lambda args: exp.StrPosition(
279                this=seq_get(args, 0), substr=seq_get(args, 1), instance=seq_get(args, 2)
280            ),
281            "TO_CHAR": _build_to_char,
282            "TO_UNIXTIME": exp.TimeToUnix.from_arg_list,
283            "TO_UTF8": lambda args: exp.Encode(
284                this=seq_get(args, 0), charset=exp.Literal.string("utf-8")
285            ),
286            "MD5": exp.MD5Digest.from_arg_list,
287            "SHA256": lambda args: exp.SHA2(this=seq_get(args, 0), length=exp.Literal.number(256)),
288            "SHA512": lambda args: exp.SHA2(this=seq_get(args, 0), length=exp.Literal.number(512)),
289        }
290
291        FUNCTION_PARSERS = parser.Parser.FUNCTION_PARSERS.copy()
292        FUNCTION_PARSERS.pop("TRIM")
293
294    class Generator(generator.Generator):
295        INTERVAL_ALLOWS_PLURAL_FORM = False
296        JOIN_HINTS = False
297        TABLE_HINTS = False
298        QUERY_HINTS = False
299        IS_BOOL_ALLOWED = False
300        TZ_TO_WITH_TIME_ZONE = True
301        NVL2_SUPPORTED = False
302        STRUCT_DELIMITER = ("(", ")")
303        LIMIT_ONLY_LITERALS = True
304        SUPPORTS_SINGLE_ARG_CONCAT = False
305        LIKE_PROPERTY_INSIDE_SCHEMA = True
306        MULTI_ARG_DISTINCT = False
307        SUPPORTS_TO_NUMBER = False
308        HEX_FUNC = "TO_HEX"
309        PARSE_JSON_NAME = "JSON_PARSE"
310
311        PROPERTIES_LOCATION = {
312            **generator.Generator.PROPERTIES_LOCATION,
313            exp.LocationProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
314            exp.VolatileProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
315        }
316
317        TYPE_MAPPING = {
318            **generator.Generator.TYPE_MAPPING,
319            exp.DataType.Type.INT: "INTEGER",
320            exp.DataType.Type.FLOAT: "REAL",
321            exp.DataType.Type.BINARY: "VARBINARY",
322            exp.DataType.Type.TEXT: "VARCHAR",
323            exp.DataType.Type.TIMETZ: "TIME",
324            exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPTZ: "TIMESTAMP",
325            exp.DataType.Type.STRUCT: "ROW",
326            exp.DataType.Type.DATETIME: "TIMESTAMP",
327            exp.DataType.Type.DATETIME64: "TIMESTAMP",
328            exp.DataType.Type.HLLSKETCH: "HYPERLOGLOG",
329        }
330
331        TRANSFORMS = {
332            **generator.Generator.TRANSFORMS,
333            exp.AnyValue: rename_func("ARBITRARY"),
334            exp.ApproxDistinct: lambda self, e: self.func(
335                "APPROX_DISTINCT", e.this, e.args.get("accuracy")
336            ),
337            exp.ApproxQuantile: rename_func("APPROX_PERCENTILE"),
338            exp.ArgMax: rename_func("MAX_BY"),
339            exp.ArgMin: rename_func("MIN_BY"),
340            exp.Array: lambda self, e: f"ARRAY[{self.expressions(e, flat=True)}]",
341            exp.ArrayAny: rename_func("ANY_MATCH"),
342            exp.ArrayConcat: rename_func("CONCAT"),
343            exp.ArrayContains: rename_func("CONTAINS"),
344            exp.ArraySize: rename_func("CARDINALITY"),
345            exp.ArrayToString: rename_func("ARRAY_JOIN"),
346            exp.ArrayUniqueAgg: rename_func("SET_AGG"),
347            exp.AtTimeZone: rename_func("AT_TIMEZONE"),
348            exp.BitwiseAnd: lambda self, e: self.func("BITWISE_AND", e.this, e.expression),
349            exp.BitwiseLeftShift: lambda self, e: self.func(
350                "BITWISE_ARITHMETIC_SHIFT_LEFT", e.this, e.expression
351            ),
352            exp.BitwiseNot: lambda self, e: self.func("BITWISE_NOT", e.this),
353            exp.BitwiseOr: lambda self, e: self.func("BITWISE_OR", e.this, e.expression),
354            exp.BitwiseRightShift: lambda self, e: self.func(
355                "BITWISE_ARITHMETIC_SHIFT_RIGHT", e.this, e.expression
356            ),
357            exp.BitwiseXor: lambda self, e: self.func("BITWISE_XOR", e.this, e.expression),
358            exp.Cast: transforms.preprocess([transforms.epoch_cast_to_ts]),
359            exp.CurrentTimestamp: lambda *_: "CURRENT_TIMESTAMP",
360            exp.DateAdd: lambda self, e: self.func(
361                "DATE_ADD",
362                unit_to_str(e),
363                _to_int(e.expression),
364                e.this,
365            ),
366            exp.DateDiff: lambda self, e: self.func(
367                "DATE_DIFF", unit_to_str(e), e.expression, e.this
368            ),
369            exp.DateStrToDate: datestrtodate_sql,
370            exp.DateToDi: lambda self,
371            e: f"CAST(DATE_FORMAT({self.sql(e, 'this')}, {Presto.DATEINT_FORMAT}) AS INT)",
372            exp.DateSub: lambda self, e: self.func(
373                "DATE_ADD",
374                unit_to_str(e),
375                _to_int(e.expression * -1),
376                e.this,
377            ),
378            exp.Decode: lambda self, e: encode_decode_sql(self, e, "FROM_UTF8"),
379            exp.DiToDate: lambda self,
380            e: f"CAST(DATE_PARSE(CAST({self.sql(e, 'this')} AS VARCHAR), {Presto.DATEINT_FORMAT}) AS DATE)",
381            exp.Encode: lambda self, e: encode_decode_sql(self, e, "TO_UTF8"),
382            exp.FileFormatProperty: lambda self, e: f"FORMAT='{e.name.upper()}'",
383            exp.First: _first_last_sql,
384            exp.FirstValue: _first_last_sql,
385            exp.FromTimeZone: lambda self,
386            e: f"WITH_TIMEZONE({self.sql(e, 'this')}, {self.sql(e, 'zone')}) AT TIME ZONE 'UTC'",
387            exp.Group: transforms.preprocess([transforms.unalias_group]),
388            exp.GroupConcat: lambda self, e: self.func(
389                "ARRAY_JOIN", self.func("ARRAY_AGG", e.this), e.args.get("separator")
390            ),
391            exp.If: if_sql(),
392            exp.ILike: no_ilike_sql,
393            exp.Initcap: _initcap_sql,
394            exp.Last: _first_last_sql,
395            exp.LastValue: _first_last_sql,
396            exp.LastDay: lambda self, e: self.func("LAST_DAY_OF_MONTH", e.this),
397            exp.Lateral: _explode_to_unnest_sql,
398            exp.Left: left_to_substring_sql,
399            exp.Levenshtein: rename_func("LEVENSHTEIN_DISTANCE"),
400            exp.LogicalAnd: rename_func("BOOL_AND"),
401            exp.LogicalOr: rename_func("BOOL_OR"),
402            exp.Pivot: no_pivot_sql,
403            exp.Quantile: _quantile_sql,
404            exp.RegexpExtract: regexp_extract_sql,
405            exp.Right: right_to_substring_sql,
406            exp.SafeDivide: no_safe_divide_sql,
407            exp.Schema: _schema_sql,
408            exp.SchemaCommentProperty: lambda self, e: self.naked_property(e),
409            exp.Select: transforms.preprocess(
410                [
411                    transforms.eliminate_qualify,
412                    transforms.eliminate_distinct_on,
413                    transforms.explode_to_unnest(1),
414                    transforms.eliminate_semi_and_anti_joins,
415                ]
416            ),
417            exp.SortArray: _no_sort_array,
418            exp.StrPosition: lambda self, e: str_position_sql(self, e, generate_instance=True),
419            exp.StrToDate: lambda self, e: f"CAST({_str_to_time_sql(self, e)} AS DATE)",
420            exp.StrToMap: rename_func("SPLIT_TO_MAP"),
421            exp.StrToTime: _str_to_time_sql,
422            exp.StructExtract: struct_extract_sql,
423            exp.Table: transforms.preprocess([_unnest_sequence]),
424            exp.Timestamp: no_timestamp_sql,
425            exp.TimestampTrunc: timestamptrunc_sql(),
426            exp.TimeStrToDate: timestrtotime_sql,
427            exp.TimeStrToTime: timestrtotime_sql,
428            exp.TimeStrToUnix: lambda self, e: self.func(
429                "TO_UNIXTIME", self.func("DATE_PARSE", e.this, Presto.TIME_FORMAT)
430            ),
431            exp.TimeToStr: lambda self, e: self.func("DATE_FORMAT", e.this, self.format_time(e)),
432            exp.TimeToUnix: rename_func("TO_UNIXTIME"),
433            exp.ToChar: lambda self, e: self.func("DATE_FORMAT", e.this, self.format_time(e)),
434            exp.TryCast: transforms.preprocess([transforms.epoch_cast_to_ts]),
435            exp.TsOrDiToDi: lambda self,
436            e: f"CAST(SUBSTR(REPLACE(CAST({self.sql(e, 'this')} AS VARCHAR), '-', ''), 1, 8) AS INT)",
437            exp.TsOrDsAdd: _ts_or_ds_add_sql,
438            exp.TsOrDsDiff: _ts_or_ds_diff_sql,
439            exp.TsOrDsToDate: _ts_or_ds_to_date_sql,
440            exp.Unhex: rename_func("FROM_HEX"),
441            exp.UnixToStr: lambda self,
442            e: f"DATE_FORMAT(FROM_UNIXTIME({self.sql(e, 'this')}), {self.format_time(e)})",
443            exp.UnixToTime: _unix_to_time_sql,
444            exp.UnixToTimeStr: lambda self,
445            e: f"CAST(FROM_UNIXTIME({self.sql(e, 'this')}) AS VARCHAR)",
446            exp.VariancePop: rename_func("VAR_POP"),
447            exp.With: transforms.preprocess([transforms.add_recursive_cte_column_names]),
448            exp.WithinGroup: transforms.preprocess(
449                [transforms.remove_within_group_for_percentiles]
450            ),
451            exp.Xor: bool_xor_sql,
452            exp.MD5: lambda self, e: self.func(
453                "LOWER", self.func("TO_HEX", self.func("MD5", self.sql(e, "this")))
454            ),
455            exp.MD5Digest: rename_func("MD5"),
456            exp.SHA: rename_func("SHA1"),
457            exp.SHA2: sha256_sql,
458        }
459
460        RESERVED_KEYWORDS = {
461            "alter",
462            "and",
463            "as",
464            "between",
465            "by",
466            "case",
467            "cast",
468            "constraint",
469            "create",
470            "cross",
471            "current_time",
472            "current_timestamp",
473            "deallocate",
474            "delete",
475            "describe",
476            "distinct",
477            "drop",
478            "else",
479            "end",
480            "escape",
481            "except",
482            "execute",
483            "exists",
484            "extract",
485            "false",
486            "for",
487            "from",
488            "full",
489            "group",
490            "having",
491            "in",
492            "inner",
493            "insert",
494            "intersect",
495            "into",
496            "is",
497            "join",
498            "left",
499            "like",
500            "natural",
501            "not",
502            "null",
503            "on",
504            "or",
505            "order",
506            "outer",
507            "prepare",
508            "right",
509            "select",
510            "table",
511            "then",
512            "true",
513            "union",
514            "using",
515            "values",
516            "when",
517            "where",
518            "with",
519        }
520
521        def strtounix_sql(self, expression: exp.StrToUnix) -> str:
522            # Since `TO_UNIXTIME` requires a `TIMESTAMP`, we need to parse the argument into one.
523            # To do this, we first try to `DATE_PARSE` it, but since this can fail when there's a
524            # timezone involved, we wrap it in a `TRY` call and use `PARSE_DATETIME` as a fallback,
525            # which seems to be using the same time mapping as Hive, as per:
526            # https://joda-time.sourceforge.net/apidocs/org/joda/time/format/DateTimeFormat.html
527            value_as_text = exp.cast(expression.this, exp.DataType.Type.TEXT)
528            parse_without_tz = self.func("DATE_PARSE", value_as_text, self.format_time(expression))
529            parse_with_tz = self.func(
530                "PARSE_DATETIME",
531                value_as_text,
532                self.format_time(expression, Hive.INVERSE_TIME_MAPPING, Hive.INVERSE_TIME_TRIE),
533            )
534            coalesced = self.func("COALESCE", self.func("TRY", parse_without_tz), parse_with_tz)
535            return self.func("TO_UNIXTIME", coalesced)
536
537        def bracket_sql(self, expression: exp.Bracket) -> str:
538            if expression.args.get("safe"):
539                return self.func(
540                    "ELEMENT_AT",
541                    expression.this,
542                    seq_get(
543                        apply_index_offset(
544                            expression.this,
545                            expression.expressions,
546                            1 - expression.args.get("offset", 0),
547                        ),
548                        0,
549                    ),
550                )
551            return super().bracket_sql(expression)
552
553        def struct_sql(self, expression: exp.Struct) -> str:
554            from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types
555
556            expression = annotate_types(expression)
557            values: t.List[str] = []
558            schema: t.List[str] = []
559            unknown_type = False
560
561            for e in expression.expressions:
562                if isinstance(e, exp.PropertyEQ):
563                    if e.type and e.type.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.UNKNOWN):
564                        unknown_type = True
565                    else:
566                        schema.append(f"{self.sql(e, 'this')} {self.sql(e.type)}")
567                    values.append(self.sql(e, "expression"))
568                else:
569                    values.append(self.sql(e))
570
571            size = len(expression.expressions)
572
573            if not size or len(schema) != size:
574                if unknown_type:
575                    self.unsupported(
576                        "Cannot convert untyped key-value definitions (try annotate_types)."
577                    )
578                return self.func("ROW", *values)
579            return f"CAST(ROW({', '.join(values)}) AS ROW({', '.join(schema)}))"
580
581        def interval_sql(self, expression: exp.Interval) -> str:
582            if expression.this and expression.text("unit").upper().startswith("WEEK"):
583                return f"({expression.this.name} * INTERVAL '7' DAY)"
584            return super().interval_sql(expression)
585
586        def transaction_sql(self, expression: exp.Transaction) -> str:
587            modes = expression.args.get("modes")
588            modes = f" {', '.join(modes)}" if modes else ""
589            return f"START TRANSACTION{modes}"
590
591        def generateseries_sql(self, expression: exp.GenerateSeries) -> str:
592            start = expression.args["start"]
593            end = expression.args["end"]
594            step = expression.args.get("step")
595
596            if isinstance(start, exp.Cast):
597                target_type = start.to
598            elif isinstance(end, exp.Cast):
599                target_type = end.to
600            else:
601                target_type = None
602
603            if target_type and target_type.is_type("timestamp"):
604                if target_type is start.to:
605                    end = exp.cast(end, target_type)
606                else:
607                    start = exp.cast(start, target_type)
608
609            return self.func("SEQUENCE", start, end, step)
610
611        def offset_limit_modifiers(
612            self, expression: exp.Expression, fetch: bool, limit: t.Optional[exp.Fetch | exp.Limit]
613        ) -> t.List[str]:
614            return [
615                self.sql(expression, "offset"),
616                self.sql(limit),
617            ]
618
619        def create_sql(self, expression: exp.Create) -> str:
620            """
621            Presto doesn't support CREATE VIEW with expressions (ex: `CREATE VIEW x (cola)` then `(cola)` is the expression),
622            so we need to remove them
623            """
624            kind = expression.args["kind"]
625            schema = expression.this
626            if kind == "VIEW" and schema.expressions:
627                expression.this.set("expressions", None)
628            return super().create_sql(expression)
629
630        def delete_sql(self, expression: exp.Delete) -> str:
631            """
632            Presto only supports DELETE FROM for a single table without an alias, so we need
633            to remove the unnecessary parts. If the original DELETE statement contains more
634            than one table to be deleted, we can't safely map it 1-1 to a Presto statement.
635            """
636            tables = expression.args.get("tables") or [expression.this]
637            if len(tables) > 1:
638                return super().delete_sql(expression)
639
640            table = tables[0]
641            expression.set("this", table)
642            expression.set("tables", None)
643
644            if isinstance(table, exp.Table):
645                table_alias = table.args.get("alias")
646                if table_alias:
647                    table_alias.pop()
648                    expression = t.cast(exp.Delete, expression.transform(unqualify_columns))
649
650            return super().delete_sql(expression)
INDEX_OFFSET = 1

The base index offset for arrays.

NULL_ORDERING = 'nulls_are_last'

Default NULL ordering method to use if not explicitly set. Possible values: "nulls_are_small", "nulls_are_large", "nulls_are_last"

TIME_FORMAT = "'%Y-%m-%d %T'"
TIME_MAPPING = {'%M': '%B', '%c': '%-m', '%e': '%-d', '%h': '%I', '%i': '%M', '%s': '%S', '%u': '%W', '%k': '%-H', '%l': '%-I', '%T': '%H:%M:%S', '%W': '%a'}

Associates this dialect's time formats with their equivalent Python strftime formats.

STRICT_STRING_CONCAT = True

Whether CONCAT's arguments must be strings.

SUPPORTS_SEMI_ANTI_JOIN = False

Whether SEMI or ANTI joins are supported.

TYPED_DIVISION = True

Whether the behavior of a / b depends on the types of a and b. False means a / b is always float division. True means a / b is integer division if both a and b are integers.

TABLESAMPLE_SIZE_IS_PERCENT = True

Whether a size in the table sample clause represents percentage.

LOG_BASE_FIRST: Optional[bool] = None

Whether the base comes first in the LOG function. Possible values: True, False, None (two arguments are not supported by LOG)

NORMALIZATION_STRATEGY = <NormalizationStrategy.CASE_INSENSITIVE: 'CASE_INSENSITIVE'>

Specifies the strategy according to which identifiers should be normalized.

SUPPORTS_COLUMN_JOIN_MARKS = False

Whether the old-style outer join (+) syntax is supported.

tokenizer_class = <class 'Presto.Tokenizer'>
jsonpath_tokenizer_class = <class 'sqlglot.tokens.JSONPathTokenizer'>
parser_class = <class 'Presto.Parser'>
generator_class = <class 'Presto.Generator'>
TIME_TRIE: Dict = {'%': {'M': {0: True}, 'c': {0: True}, 'e': {0: True}, 'h': {0: True}, 'i': {0: True}, 's': {0: True}, 'u': {0: True}, 'k': {0: True}, 'l': {0: True}, 'T': {0: True}, 'W': {0: True}}}
FORMAT_TRIE: Dict = {'%': {'M': {0: True}, 'c': {0: True}, 'e': {0: True}, 'h': {0: True}, 'i': {0: True}, 's': {0: True}, 'u': {0: True}, 'k': {0: True}, 'l': {0: True}, 'T': {0: True}, 'W': {0: True}}}
INVERSE_TIME_MAPPING: Dict[str, str] = {'%B': '%M', '%-m': '%c', '%-d': '%e', '%I': '%h', '%M': '%i', '%S': '%s', '%W': '%u', '%-H': '%k', '%-I': '%l', '%H:%M:%S': '%T', '%a': '%W'}
INVERSE_TIME_TRIE: Dict = {'%': {'B': {0: True}, '-': {'m': {0: True}, 'd': {0: True}, 'H': {0: True}, 'I': {0: True}}, 'I': {0: True}, 'M': {0: True}, 'S': {0: True}, 'W': {0: True}, 'H': {':': {'%': {'M': {':': {'%': {'S': {0: True}}}}}}}, 'a': {0: True}}}
INVERSE_FORMAT_MAPPING: Dict[str, str] = {}
INVERSE_FORMAT_TRIE: Dict = {}
ESCAPED_SEQUENCES: Dict[str, str] = {}
QUOTE_START = "'"
QUOTE_END = "'"
IDENTIFIER_START = '"'
IDENTIFIER_END = '"'
BIT_START: Optional[str] = None
BIT_END: Optional[str] = None
HEX_START: Optional[str] = None
HEX_END: Optional[str] = None
BYTE_START: Optional[str] = None
BYTE_END: Optional[str] = None
UNICODE_START: Optional[str] = "U&'"
UNICODE_END: Optional[str] = "'"
class Presto.Tokenizer(sqlglot.tokens.Tokenizer):
214    class Tokenizer(tokens.Tokenizer):
215        UNICODE_STRINGS = [
216            (prefix + q, q)
217            for q in t.cast(t.List[str], tokens.Tokenizer.QUOTES)
218            for prefix in ("U&", "u&")
219        ]
220
221        KEYWORDS = {
222            **tokens.Tokenizer.KEYWORDS,
223            "START": TokenType.BEGIN,
224            "MATCH_RECOGNIZE": TokenType.MATCH_RECOGNIZE,
225            "ROW": TokenType.STRUCT,
226            "IPADDRESS": TokenType.IPADDRESS,
227            "IPPREFIX": TokenType.IPPREFIX,
228            "TDIGEST": TokenType.TDIGEST,
229            "HYPERLOGLOG": TokenType.HLLSKETCH,
230        }
231        KEYWORDS.pop("/*+")
232        KEYWORDS.pop("QUALIFY")
UNICODE_STRINGS = [("U&'", "'"), ("u&'", "'")]
KEYWORDS = {'{%': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '{%+': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '{%-': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '%}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '+%}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '-%}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '{{+': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '{{-': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '+}}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '-}}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '==': <TokenType.EQ: 'EQ'>, '::': <TokenType.DCOLON: 'DCOLON'>, '||': <TokenType.DPIPE: 'DPIPE'>, '>=': <TokenType.GTE: 'GTE'>, '<=': <TokenType.LTE: 'LTE'>, '<>': <TokenType.NEQ: 'NEQ'>, '!=': <TokenType.NEQ: 'NEQ'>, ':=': <TokenType.COLON_EQ: 'COLON_EQ'>, '<=>': <TokenType.NULLSAFE_EQ: 'NULLSAFE_EQ'>, '->': <TokenType.ARROW: 'ARROW'>, '->>': <TokenType.DARROW: 'DARROW'>, '=>': <TokenType.FARROW: 'FARROW'>, '#>': <TokenType.HASH_ARROW: 'HASH_ARROW'>, '#>>': <TokenType.DHASH_ARROW: 'DHASH_ARROW'>, '<->': <TokenType.LR_ARROW: 'LR_ARROW'>, '&&': <TokenType.DAMP: 'DAMP'>, '??': <TokenType.DQMARK: 'DQMARK'>, 'ALL': <TokenType.ALL: 'ALL'>, 'ALWAYS': <TokenType.ALWAYS: 'ALWAYS'>, 'AND': <TokenType.AND: 'AND'>, 'ANTI': <TokenType.ANTI: 'ANTI'>, 'ANY': <TokenType.ANY: 'ANY'>, 'ASC': <TokenType.ASC: 'ASC'>, 'AS': <TokenType.ALIAS: 'ALIAS'>, 'ASOF': <TokenType.ASOF: 'ASOF'>, 'AUTOINCREMENT': <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>, 'AUTO_INCREMENT': <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>, 'BEGIN': <TokenType.BEGIN: 'BEGIN'>, 'BETWEEN': <TokenType.BETWEEN: 'BETWEEN'>, 'CACHE': <TokenType.CACHE: 'CACHE'>, 'UNCACHE': <TokenType.UNCACHE: 'UNCACHE'>, 'CASE': <TokenType.CASE: 'CASE'>, 'CHARACTER SET': <TokenType.CHARACTER_SET: 'CHARACTER_SET'>, 'CLUSTER BY': <TokenType.CLUSTER_BY: 'CLUSTER_BY'>, 'COLLATE': <TokenType.COLLATE: 'COLLATE'>, 'COLUMN': <TokenType.COLUMN: 'COLUMN'>, 'COMMIT': <TokenType.COMMIT: 'COMMIT'>, 'CONNECT BY': <TokenType.CONNECT_BY: 'CONNECT_BY'>, 'CONSTRAINT': <TokenType.CONSTRAINT: 'CONSTRAINT'>, 'COPY': <TokenType.COPY: 'COPY'>, 'CREATE': <TokenType.CREATE: 'CREATE'>, 'CROSS': <TokenType.CROSS: 'CROSS'>, 'CUBE': <TokenType.CUBE: 'CUBE'>, 'CURRENT_DATE': <TokenType.CURRENT_DATE: 'CURRENT_DATE'>, 'CURRENT_TIME': <TokenType.CURRENT_TIME: 'CURRENT_TIME'>, 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP': <TokenType.CURRENT_TIMESTAMP: 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'>, 'CURRENT_USER': <TokenType.CURRENT_USER: 'CURRENT_USER'>, 'DATABASE': <TokenType.DATABASE: 'DATABASE'>, 'DEFAULT': <TokenType.DEFAULT: 'DEFAULT'>, 'DELETE': <TokenType.DELETE: 'DELETE'>, 'DESC': <TokenType.DESC: 'DESC'>, 'DESCRIBE': <TokenType.DESCRIBE: 'DESCRIBE'>, 'DISTINCT': <TokenType.DISTINCT: 'DISTINCT'>, 'DISTRIBUTE BY': <TokenType.DISTRIBUTE_BY: 'DISTRIBUTE_BY'>, 'DIV': <TokenType.DIV: 'DIV'>, 'DROP': <TokenType.DROP: 'DROP'>, 'ELSE': <TokenType.ELSE: 'ELSE'>, 'END': <TokenType.END: 'END'>, 'ENUM': <TokenType.ENUM: 'ENUM'>, 'ESCAPE': <TokenType.ESCAPE: 'ESCAPE'>, 'EXCEPT': <TokenType.EXCEPT: 'EXCEPT'>, 'EXECUTE': <TokenType.EXECUTE: 'EXECUTE'>, 'EXISTS': <TokenType.EXISTS: 'EXISTS'>, 'FALSE': <TokenType.FALSE: 'FALSE'>, 'FETCH': <TokenType.FETCH: 'FETCH'>, 'FILTER': <TokenType.FILTER: 'FILTER'>, 'FIRST': <TokenType.FIRST: 'FIRST'>, 'FULL': <TokenType.FULL: 'FULL'>, 'FUNCTION': <TokenType.FUNCTION: 'FUNCTION'>, 'FOR': <TokenType.FOR: 'FOR'>, 'FOREIGN KEY': <TokenType.FOREIGN_KEY: 'FOREIGN_KEY'>, 'FORMAT': <TokenType.FORMAT: 'FORMAT'>, 'FROM': <TokenType.FROM: 'FROM'>, 'GEOGRAPHY': <TokenType.GEOGRAPHY: 'GEOGRAPHY'>, 'GEOMETRY': <TokenType.GEOMETRY: 'GEOMETRY'>, 'GLOB': <TokenType.GLOB: 'GLOB'>, 'GROUP BY': <TokenType.GROUP_BY: 'GROUP_BY'>, 'GROUPING SETS': <TokenType.GROUPING_SETS: 'GROUPING_SETS'>, 'HAVING': <TokenType.HAVING: 'HAVING'>, 'ILIKE': <TokenType.ILIKE: 'ILIKE'>, 'IN': <TokenType.IN: 'IN'>, 'INDEX': <TokenType.INDEX: 'INDEX'>, 'INET': <TokenType.INET: 'INET'>, 'INNER': <TokenType.INNER: 'INNER'>, 'INSERT': <TokenType.INSERT: 'INSERT'>, 'INTERVAL': <TokenType.INTERVAL: 'INTERVAL'>, 'INTERSECT': <TokenType.INTERSECT: 'INTERSECT'>, 'INTO': <TokenType.INTO: 'INTO'>, 'IS': <TokenType.IS: 'IS'>, 'ISNULL': <TokenType.ISNULL: 'ISNULL'>, 'JOIN': <TokenType.JOIN: 'JOIN'>, 'KEEP': <TokenType.KEEP: 'KEEP'>, 'KILL': <TokenType.KILL: 'KILL'>, 'LATERAL': <TokenType.LATERAL: 'LATERAL'>, 'LEFT': <TokenType.LEFT: 'LEFT'>, 'LIKE': <TokenType.LIKE: 'LIKE'>, 'LIMIT': <TokenType.LIMIT: 'LIMIT'>, 'LOAD': <TokenType.LOAD: 'LOAD'>, 'LOCK': <TokenType.LOCK: 'LOCK'>, 'MERGE': <TokenType.MERGE: 'MERGE'>, 'NATURAL': <TokenType.NATURAL: 'NATURAL'>, 'NEXT': <TokenType.NEXT: 'NEXT'>, 'NOT': <TokenType.NOT: 'NOT'>, 'NOTNULL': <TokenType.NOTNULL: 'NOTNULL'>, 'NULL': <TokenType.NULL: 'NULL'>, 'OBJECT': <TokenType.OBJECT: 'OBJECT'>, 'OFFSET': <TokenType.OFFSET: 'OFFSET'>, 'ON': <TokenType.ON: 'ON'>, 'OR': <TokenType.OR: 'OR'>, 'XOR': <TokenType.XOR: 'XOR'>, 'ORDER BY': <TokenType.ORDER_BY: 'ORDER_BY'>, 'ORDINALITY': <TokenType.ORDINALITY: 'ORDINALITY'>, 'OUTER': <TokenType.OUTER: 'OUTER'>, 'OVER': <TokenType.OVER: 'OVER'>, 'OVERLAPS': <TokenType.OVERLAPS: 'OVERLAPS'>, 'OVERWRITE': <TokenType.OVERWRITE: 'OVERWRITE'>, 'PARTITION': <TokenType.PARTITION: 'PARTITION'>, 'PARTITION BY': <TokenType.PARTITION_BY: 'PARTITION_BY'>, 'PARTITIONED BY': <TokenType.PARTITION_BY: 'PARTITION_BY'>, 'PARTITIONED_BY': <TokenType.PARTITION_BY: 'PARTITION_BY'>, 'PERCENT': <TokenType.PERCENT: 'PERCENT'>, 'PIVOT': <TokenType.PIVOT: 'PIVOT'>, 'PRAGMA': <TokenType.PRAGMA: 'PRAGMA'>, 'PRIMARY KEY': <TokenType.PRIMARY_KEY: 'PRIMARY_KEY'>, 'PROCEDURE': <TokenType.PROCEDURE: 'PROCEDURE'>, 'RANGE': <TokenType.RANGE: 'RANGE'>, 'RECURSIVE': <TokenType.RECURSIVE: 'RECURSIVE'>, 'REGEXP': <TokenType.RLIKE: 'RLIKE'>, 'REPLACE': <TokenType.REPLACE: 'REPLACE'>, 'RETURNING': <TokenType.RETURNING: 'RETURNING'>, 'REFERENCES': <TokenType.REFERENCES: 'REFERENCES'>, 'RIGHT': <TokenType.RIGHT: 'RIGHT'>, 'RLIKE': <TokenType.RLIKE: 'RLIKE'>, 'ROLLBACK': <TokenType.ROLLBACK: 'ROLLBACK'>, 'ROLLUP': <TokenType.ROLLUP: 'ROLLUP'>, 'ROW': <TokenType.STRUCT: 'STRUCT'>, 'ROWS': <TokenType.ROWS: 'ROWS'>, 'SCHEMA': <TokenType.SCHEMA: 'SCHEMA'>, 'SELECT': <TokenType.SELECT: 'SELECT'>, 'SEMI': <TokenType.SEMI: 'SEMI'>, 'SET': <TokenType.SET: 'SET'>, 'SETTINGS': <TokenType.SETTINGS: 'SETTINGS'>, 'SHOW': <TokenType.SHOW: 'SHOW'>, 'SIMILAR TO': <TokenType.SIMILAR_TO: 'SIMILAR_TO'>, 'SOME': <TokenType.SOME: 'SOME'>, 'SORT BY': <TokenType.SORT_BY: 'SORT_BY'>, 'START WITH': <TokenType.START_WITH: 'START_WITH'>, 'STRAIGHT_JOIN': <TokenType.STRAIGHT_JOIN: 'STRAIGHT_JOIN'>, 'TABLE': <TokenType.TABLE: 'TABLE'>, 'TABLESAMPLE': <TokenType.TABLE_SAMPLE: 'TABLE_SAMPLE'>, 'TEMP': <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>, 'TEMPORARY': <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>, 'THEN': <TokenType.THEN: 'THEN'>, 'TRUE': <TokenType.TRUE: 'TRUE'>, 'TRUNCATE': <TokenType.TRUNCATE: 'TRUNCATE'>, 'UNION': <TokenType.UNION: 'UNION'>, 'UNKNOWN': <TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>, 'UNNEST': <TokenType.UNNEST: 'UNNEST'>, 'UNPIVOT': <TokenType.UNPIVOT: 'UNPIVOT'>, 'UPDATE': <TokenType.UPDATE: 'UPDATE'>, 'USE': <TokenType.USE: 'USE'>, 'USING': <TokenType.USING: 'USING'>, 'UUID': <TokenType.UUID: 'UUID'>, 'VALUES': <TokenType.VALUES: 'VALUES'>, 'VIEW': <TokenType.VIEW: 'VIEW'>, 'VOLATILE': <TokenType.VOLATILE: 'VOLATILE'>, 'WHEN': <TokenType.WHEN: 'WHEN'>, 'WHERE': <TokenType.WHERE: 'WHERE'>, 'WINDOW': <TokenType.WINDOW: 'WINDOW'>, 'WITH': <TokenType.WITH: 'WITH'>, 'APPLY': <TokenType.APPLY: 'APPLY'>, 'ARRAY': <TokenType.ARRAY: 'ARRAY'>, 'BIT': <TokenType.BIT: 'BIT'>, 'BOOL': <TokenType.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>, 'BOOLEAN': <TokenType.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>, 'BYTE': <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, 'MEDIUMINT': <TokenType.MEDIUMINT: 'MEDIUMINT'>, 'INT1': <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, 'TINYINT': <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, 'INT16': <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, 'SHORT': <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, 'SMALLINT': <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, 'INT128': <TokenType.INT128: 'INT128'>, 'HUGEINT': <TokenType.INT128: 'INT128'>, 'INT2': <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, 'INTEGER': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'INT': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'INT4': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'INT32': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'INT64': <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, 'LONG': <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, 'BIGINT': <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, 'INT8': <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, 'UINT': <TokenType.UINT: 'UINT'>, 'DEC': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'DECIMAL': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'BIGDECIMAL': <TokenType.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>, 'BIGNUMERIC': <TokenType.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>, 'LIST': <TokenType.LIST: 'LIST'>, 'MAP': <TokenType.MAP: 'MAP'>, 'NULLABLE': <TokenType.NULLABLE: 'NULLABLE'>, 'NUMBER': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'NUMERIC': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'FIXED': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'REAL': <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, 'FLOAT': <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, 'FLOAT4': <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, 'FLOAT8': <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, 'DOUBLE': <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, 'DOUBLE PRECISION': <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, 'JSON': <TokenType.JSON: 'JSON'>, 'JSONB': <TokenType.JSONB: 'JSONB'>, 'CHAR': <TokenType.CHAR: 'CHAR'>, 'CHARACTER': <TokenType.CHAR: 'CHAR'>, 'NCHAR': <TokenType.NCHAR: 'NCHAR'>, 'VARCHAR': <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, 'VARCHAR2': <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, 'NVARCHAR': <TokenType.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>, 'NVARCHAR2': <TokenType.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>, 'BPCHAR': <TokenType.BPCHAR: 'BPCHAR'>, 'STR': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'STRING': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'TEXT': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'LONGTEXT': <TokenType.LONGTEXT: 'LONGTEXT'>, 'MEDIUMTEXT': <TokenType.MEDIUMTEXT: 'MEDIUMTEXT'>, 'TINYTEXT': <TokenType.TINYTEXT: 'TINYTEXT'>, 'CLOB': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'LONGVARCHAR': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'BINARY': <TokenType.BINARY: 'BINARY'>, 'BLOB': <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, 'LONGBLOB': <TokenType.LONGBLOB: 'LONGBLOB'>, 'MEDIUMBLOB': <TokenType.MEDIUMBLOB: 'MEDIUMBLOB'>, 'TINYBLOB': <TokenType.TINYBLOB: 'TINYBLOB'>, 'BYTEA': <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, 'VARBINARY': <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, 'TIME': <TokenType.TIME: 'TIME'>, 'TIMETZ': <TokenType.TIMETZ: 'TIMETZ'>, 'TIMESTAMP': <TokenType.TIMESTAMP: 'TIMESTAMP'>, 'TIMESTAMPTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>, 'TIMESTAMPLTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, 'TIMESTAMP_LTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, 'TIMESTAMPNTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPNTZ: 'TIMESTAMPNTZ'>, 'TIMESTAMP_NTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPNTZ: 'TIMESTAMPNTZ'>, 'DATE': <TokenType.DATE: 'DATE'>, 'DATETIME': <TokenType.DATETIME: 'DATETIME'>, 'INT4RANGE': <TokenType.INT4RANGE: 'INT4RANGE'>, 'INT4MULTIRANGE': <TokenType.INT4MULTIRANGE: 'INT4MULTIRANGE'>, 'INT8RANGE': <TokenType.INT8RANGE: 'INT8RANGE'>, 'INT8MULTIRANGE': <TokenType.INT8MULTIRANGE: 'INT8MULTIRANGE'>, 'NUMRANGE': <TokenType.NUMRANGE: 'NUMRANGE'>, 'NUMMULTIRANGE': <TokenType.NUMMULTIRANGE: 'NUMMULTIRANGE'>, 'TSRANGE': <TokenType.TSRANGE: 'TSRANGE'>, 'TSMULTIRANGE': <TokenType.TSMULTIRANGE: 'TSMULTIRANGE'>, 'TSTZRANGE': <TokenType.TSTZRANGE: 'TSTZRANGE'>, 'TSTZMULTIRANGE': <TokenType.TSTZMULTIRANGE: 'TSTZMULTIRANGE'>, 'DATERANGE': <TokenType.DATERANGE: 'DATERANGE'>, 'DATEMULTIRANGE': <TokenType.DATEMULTIRANGE: 'DATEMULTIRANGE'>, 'UNIQUE': <TokenType.UNIQUE: 'UNIQUE'>, 'STRUCT': <TokenType.STRUCT: 'STRUCT'>, 'SEQUENCE': <TokenType.SEQUENCE: 'SEQUENCE'>, 'VARIANT': <TokenType.VARIANT: 'VARIANT'>, 'ALTER': <TokenType.ALTER: 'ALTER'>, 'ANALYZE': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'CALL': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'COMMENT': <TokenType.COMMENT: 'COMMENT'>, 'EXPLAIN': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'GRANT': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'OPTIMIZE': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'PREPARE': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'VACUUM': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'USER-DEFINED': <TokenType.USERDEFINED: 'USERDEFINED'>, 'FOR VERSION': <TokenType.VERSION_SNAPSHOT: 'VERSION_SNAPSHOT'>, 'FOR TIMESTAMP': <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_SNAPSHOT: 'TIMESTAMP_SNAPSHOT'>, 'START': <TokenType.BEGIN: 'BEGIN'>, 'MATCH_RECOGNIZE': <TokenType.MATCH_RECOGNIZE: 'MATCH_RECOGNIZE'>, 'IPADDRESS': <TokenType.IPADDRESS: 'IPADDRESS'>, 'IPPREFIX': <TokenType.IPPREFIX: 'IPPREFIX'>, 'TDIGEST': <TokenType.TDIGEST: 'TDIGEST'>, 'HYPERLOGLOG': <TokenType.HLLSKETCH: 'HLLSKETCH'>}
class Presto.Parser(sqlglot.parser.Parser):
234    class Parser(parser.Parser):
235        VALUES_FOLLOWED_BY_PAREN = False
236
237        FUNCTIONS = {
238            **parser.Parser.FUNCTIONS,
239            "ARBITRARY": exp.AnyValue.from_arg_list,
240            "APPROX_DISTINCT": exp.ApproxDistinct.from_arg_list,
241            "APPROX_PERCENTILE": _build_approx_percentile,
242            "BITWISE_AND": binary_from_function(exp.BitwiseAnd),
243            "BITWISE_NOT": lambda args: exp.BitwiseNot(this=seq_get(args, 0)),
244            "BITWISE_OR": binary_from_function(exp.BitwiseOr),
245            "BITWISE_XOR": binary_from_function(exp.BitwiseXor),
246            "CARDINALITY": exp.ArraySize.from_arg_list,
247            "CONTAINS": exp.ArrayContains.from_arg_list,
248            "DATE_ADD": lambda args: exp.DateAdd(
249                this=seq_get(args, 2), expression=seq_get(args, 1), unit=seq_get(args, 0)
250            ),
251            "DATE_DIFF": lambda args: exp.DateDiff(
252                this=seq_get(args, 2), expression=seq_get(args, 1), unit=seq_get(args, 0)
253            ),
254            "DATE_FORMAT": build_formatted_time(exp.TimeToStr, "presto"),
255            "DATE_PARSE": build_formatted_time(exp.StrToTime, "presto"),
256            "DATE_TRUNC": date_trunc_to_time,
257            "ELEMENT_AT": lambda args: exp.Bracket(
258                this=seq_get(args, 0), expressions=[seq_get(args, 1)], offset=1, safe=True
259            ),
260            "FROM_HEX": exp.Unhex.from_arg_list,
261            "FROM_UNIXTIME": _build_from_unixtime,
262            "FROM_UTF8": lambda args: exp.Decode(
263                this=seq_get(args, 0), replace=seq_get(args, 1), charset=exp.Literal.string("utf-8")
264            ),
265            "NOW": exp.CurrentTimestamp.from_arg_list,
266            "REGEXP_EXTRACT": lambda args: exp.RegexpExtract(
267                this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=seq_get(args, 1), group=seq_get(args, 2)
268            ),
269            "REGEXP_REPLACE": lambda args: exp.RegexpReplace(
270                this=seq_get(args, 0),
271                expression=seq_get(args, 1),
272                replacement=seq_get(args, 2) or exp.Literal.string(""),
273            ),
274            "ROW": exp.Struct.from_arg_list,
275            "SEQUENCE": exp.GenerateSeries.from_arg_list,
276            "SET_AGG": exp.ArrayUniqueAgg.from_arg_list,
277            "SPLIT_TO_MAP": exp.StrToMap.from_arg_list,
278            "STRPOS": lambda args: exp.StrPosition(
279                this=seq_get(args, 0), substr=seq_get(args, 1), instance=seq_get(args, 2)
280            ),
281            "TO_CHAR": _build_to_char,
282            "TO_UNIXTIME": exp.TimeToUnix.from_arg_list,
283            "TO_UTF8": lambda args: exp.Encode(
284                this=seq_get(args, 0), charset=exp.Literal.string("utf-8")
285            ),
286            "MD5": exp.MD5Digest.from_arg_list,
287            "SHA256": lambda args: exp.SHA2(this=seq_get(args, 0), length=exp.Literal.number(256)),
288            "SHA512": lambda args: exp.SHA2(this=seq_get(args, 0), length=exp.Literal.number(512)),
289        }
290
291        FUNCTION_PARSERS = parser.Parser.FUNCTION_PARSERS.copy()
292        FUNCTION_PARSERS.pop("TRIM")

Parser consumes a list of tokens produced by the Tokenizer and produces a parsed syntax tree.

Arguments:
  • error_level: The desired error level. Default: ErrorLevel.IMMEDIATE
  • error_message_context: The amount of context to capture from a query string when displaying the error message (in number of characters). Default: 100
  • max_errors: Maximum number of error messages to include in a raised ParseError. This is only relevant if error_level is ErrorLevel.RAISE. Default: 3
VALUES_FOLLOWED_BY_PAREN = False
FUNCTIONS = {'ABS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Abs'>>, 'ADD_MONTHS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AddMonths'>>, 'ANONYMOUS_AGG_FUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AnonymousAggFunc'>>, 'ANY_VALUE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AnyValue'>>, 'APPROX_DISTINCT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxDistinct'>>, 'APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxDistinct'>>, 'APPROX_QUANTILE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxQuantile'>>, 'APPROX_TOP_K': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxTopK'>>, 'ARG_MAX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMax'>>, 'ARGMAX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMax'>>, 'MAX_BY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMax'>>, 'ARG_MIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMin'>>, 'ARGMIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMin'>>, 'MIN_BY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMin'>>, 'ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Array'>>, 'ARRAY_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayAgg'>>, 'ARRAY_ALL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayAll'>>, 'ARRAY_ANY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayAny'>>, 'ARRAY_CONCAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayConcat'>>, 'ARRAY_CAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayConcat'>>, 'ARRAY_CONSTRUCT_COMPACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayConstructCompact'>>, 'ARRAY_CONTAINS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContains'>>, 'ARRAY_HAS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContains'>>, 'ARRAY_CONTAINS_ALL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContainsAll'>>, 'ARRAY_HAS_ALL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContainsAll'>>, 'FILTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayFilter'>>, 'ARRAY_FILTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayFilter'>>, 'ARRAY_OVERLAPS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayOverlaps'>>, 'ARRAY_SIZE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySize'>>, 'ARRAY_LENGTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySize'>>, 'ARRAY_SORT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySort'>>, 'ARRAY_SUM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySum'>>, 'ARRAY_TO_STRING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayToString'>>, 'ARRAY_JOIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayToString'>>, 'ARRAY_UNION_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayUnionAgg'>>, 'ARRAY_UNIQUE_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayUniqueAgg'>>, 'AVG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Avg'>>, 'CASE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Case'>>, 'CAST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Cast'>>, 'CAST_TO_STR_TYPE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CastToStrType'>>, 'CBRT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Cbrt'>>, 'CEIL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Ceil'>>, 'CEILING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Ceil'>>, 'CHR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Chr'>>, 'CHAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Chr'>>, 'COALESCE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Coalesce'>>, 'IFNULL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Coalesce'>>, 'NVL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Coalesce'>>, 'COLLATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Collate'>>, 'COMBINED_AGG_FUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CombinedAggFunc'>>, 'COMBINED_PARAMETERIZED_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CombinedParameterizedAgg'>>, 'CONCAT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CONCAT_WS': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CONNECT_BY_ROOT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ConnectByRoot'>>, 'CONVERT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Convert'>>, 'CORR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Corr'>>, 'COUNT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Count'>>, 'COUNT_IF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CountIf'>>, 'COUNTIF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CountIf'>>, 'COVAR_POP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CovarPop'>>, 'COVAR_SAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CovarSamp'>>, 'CURRENT_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentDate'>>, 'CURRENT_DATETIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentDatetime'>>, 'CURRENT_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentTime'>>, 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentTimestamp'>>, 'CURRENT_USER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentUser'>>, 'DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Date'>>, 'DATE_ADD': <function Presto.Parser.<lambda>>, 'DATEDIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateDiff'>>, 'DATE_DIFF': <function Presto.Parser.<lambda>>, 'DATE_FROM_PARTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateFromParts'>>, 'DATEFROMPARTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateFromParts'>>, 'DATE_STR_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateStrToDate'>>, 'DATE_SUB': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateSub'>>, 'DATE_TO_DATE_STR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DATE_TO_DI': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateToDi'>>, 'DATE_TRUNC': <function date_trunc_to_time>, 'DATETIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Datetime'>>, 'DATETIME_ADD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeAdd'>>, 'DATETIME_DIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeDiff'>>, 'DATETIME_SUB': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeSub'>>, 'DATETIME_TRUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeTrunc'>>, 'DAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Day'>>, 'DAY_OF_MONTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfMonth'>>, 'DAYOFMONTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfMonth'>>, 'DAY_OF_WEEK': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfWeek'>>, 'DAYOFWEEK': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfWeek'>>, 'DAY_OF_YEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfYear'>>, 'DAYOFYEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfYear'>>, 'DECODE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Decode'>>, 'DI_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DiToDate'>>, 'ENCODE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Encode'>>, 'EXP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Exp'>>, 'EXPLODE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Explode'>>, 'EXPLODE_OUTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExplodeOuter'>>, 'EXTRACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Extract'>>, 'FIRST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.First'>>, 'FIRST_VALUE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FirstValue'>>, 'FLATTEN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Flatten'>>, 'FLOOR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Floor'>>, 'FROM_BASE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FromBase'>>, 'FROM_BASE64': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FromBase64'>>, 'GAP_FILL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GapFill'>>, 'GENERATE_DATE_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GenerateDateArray'>>, 'GENERATE_SERIES': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GenerateSeries'>>, 'GREATEST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Greatest'>>, 'GROUP_CONCAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GroupConcat'>>, 'HEX': <function build_hex>, 'HLL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Hll'>>, 'IF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.If'>>, 'IIF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.If'>>, 'INITCAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Initcap'>>, 'IS_INF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsInf'>>, 'ISINF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsInf'>>, 'IS_NAN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsNan'>>, 'ISNAN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsNan'>>, 'J_S_O_N_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONArray'>>, 'J_S_O_N_ARRAY_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONArrayAgg'>>, 'JSON_ARRAY_CONTAINS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONArrayContains'>>, 'JSONB_CONTAINS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBContains'>>, 'JSONB_EXTRACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBExtract'>>, 'JSONB_EXTRACT_SCALAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBExtractScalar'>>, 'JSON_EXTRACT': <function build_extract_json_with_path.<locals>._builder>, 'JSON_EXTRACT_SCALAR': <function build_extract_json_with_path.<locals>._builder>, 'JSON_FORMAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONFormat'>>, 'J_S_O_N_OBJECT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONObject'>>, 'J_S_O_N_OBJECT_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONObjectAgg'>>, 'J_S_O_N_TABLE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONTable'>>, 'LAG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Lag'>>, 'LAST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Last'>>, 'LAST_DAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LastDay'>>, 'LAST_DAY_OF_MONTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LastDay'>>, 'LAST_VALUE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LastValue'>>, 'LEAD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Lead'>>, 'LEAST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Least'>>, 'LEFT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Left'>>, 'LENGTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Length'>>, 'LEN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Length'>>, 'LEVENSHTEIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Levenshtein'>>, 'LIST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.List'>>, 'LN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Ln'>>, 'LOG': <function build_logarithm>, 'LOGICAL_AND': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalAnd'>>, 'BOOL_AND': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalAnd'>>, 'BOOLAND_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalAnd'>>, 'LOGICAL_OR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalOr'>>, 'BOOL_OR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalOr'>>, 'BOOLOR_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalOr'>>, 'LOWER': <function build_lower>, 'LCASE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Lower'>>, 'LOWER_HEX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LowerHex'>>, 'MD5': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MD5Digest'>>, 'MD5_DIGEST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MD5Digest'>>, 'MAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Map'>>, 'MAP_FROM_ENTRIES': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MapFromEntries'>>, 'MATCH_AGAINST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MatchAgainst'>>, 'MAX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Max'>>, 'MIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Min'>>, 'MONTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Month'>>, 'MONTHS_BETWEEN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MonthsBetween'>>, 'NEXT_VALUE_FOR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NextValueFor'>>, 'NTH_VALUE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NthValue'>>, 'NULLIF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Nullif'>>, 'NUMBER_TO_STR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NumberToStr'>>, 'NVL2': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Nvl2'>>, 'OPEN_J_S_O_N': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OpenJSON'>>, 'PARAMETERIZED_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ParameterizedAgg'>>, 'PARSE_JSON': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ParseJSON'>>, 'JSON_PARSE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ParseJSON'>>, 'PERCENTILE_CONT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PercentileCont'>>, 'PERCENTILE_DISC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PercentileDisc'>>, 'POSEXPLODE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Posexplode'>>, 'POSEXPLODE_OUTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PosexplodeOuter'>>, 'POWER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Pow'>>, 'POW': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Pow'>>, 'PREDICT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Predict'>>, 'QUANTILE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Quantile'>>, 'QUARTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Quarter'>>, 'RAND': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Rand'>>, 'RANDOM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Rand'>>, 'RANDN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Randn'>>, 'RANGE_N': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RangeN'>>, 'READ_CSV': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ReadCSV'>>, 'REDUCE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Reduce'>>, 'REGEXP_EXTRACT': <function Presto.Parser.<lambda>>, 'REGEXP_I_LIKE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpILike'>>, 'REGEXP_LIKE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpLike'>>, 'REGEXP_REPLACE': <function Presto.Parser.<lambda>>, 'REGEXP_SPLIT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpSplit'>>, 'REPEAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Repeat'>>, 'RIGHT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Right'>>, 'ROUND': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Round'>>, 'ROW_NUMBER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RowNumber'>>, 'SHA': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SHA'>>, 'SHA1': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SHA'>>, 'SHA2': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SHA2'>>, 'SAFE_DIVIDE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SafeDivide'>>, 'SIGN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sign'>>, 'SIGNUM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sign'>>, 'SORT_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SortArray'>>, 'SPLIT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Split'>>, 'SQRT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sqrt'>>, 'STANDARD_HASH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StandardHash'>>, 'STAR_MAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StarMap'>>, 'STARTS_WITH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StartsWith'>>, 'STARTSWITH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StartsWith'>>, 'STDDEV': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stddev'>>, 'STDDEV_POP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StddevPop'>>, 'STDDEV_SAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StddevSamp'>>, 'STR_POSITION': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrPosition'>>, 'STR_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToDate'>>, 'STR_TO_MAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToMap'>>, 'STR_TO_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToTime'>>, 'STR_TO_UNIX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToUnix'>>, 'STRING_TO_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StringToArray'>>, 'SPLIT_BY_STRING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StringToArray'>>, 'STRUCT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Struct'>>, 'STRUCT_EXTRACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StructExtract'>>, 'STUFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stuff'>>, 'INSERT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stuff'>>, 'SUBSTRING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Substring'>>, 'SUM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sum'>>, 'TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Time'>>, 'TIME_ADD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeAdd'>>, 'TIME_DIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeDiff'>>, 'TIME_FROM_PARTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeFromParts'>>, 'TIMEFROMPARTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeFromParts'>>, 'TIME_STR_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToDate'>>, 'TIME_STR_TO_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToTime'>>, 'TIME_STR_TO_UNIX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToUnix'>>, 'TIME_SUB': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeSub'>>, 'TIME_TO_STR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeToStr'>>, 'TIME_TO_TIME_STR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TIME_TO_UNIX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeToUnix'>>, 'TIME_TRUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeTrunc'>>, 'TIMESTAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Timestamp'>>, 'TIMESTAMP_ADD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampAdd'>>, 'TIMESTAMPDIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampDiff'>>, 'TIMESTAMP_DIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampDiff'>>, 'TIMESTAMP_FROM_PARTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampFromParts'>>, 'TIMESTAMPFROMPARTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampFromParts'>>, 'TIMESTAMP_SUB': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampSub'>>, 'TIMESTAMP_TRUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampTrunc'>>, 'TO_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToArray'>>, 'TO_BASE64': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToBase64'>>, 'TO_CHAR': <function _build_to_char>, 'TO_DAYS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToDays'>>, 'TO_MAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToMap'>>, 'TO_NUMBER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToNumber'>>, 'TRANSFORM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Transform'>>, 'TRIM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Trim'>>, 'TRY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Try'>>, 'TRY_CAST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TryCast'>>, 'TS_OR_DI_TO_DI': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDiToDi'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_ADD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsAdd'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_DIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsDiff'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToDate'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_TO_DATE_STR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TS_OR_DS_TO_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToTime'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_TO_TIMESTAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToTimestamp'>>, 'UNHEX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Unhex'>>, 'UNIX_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixDate'>>, 'UNIX_TO_STR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToStr'>>, 'UNIX_TO_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToTime'>>, 'UNIX_TO_TIME_STR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToTimeStr'>>, 'UNNEST': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'UPPER': <function build_upper>, 'UCASE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Upper'>>, 'VAR_MAP': <function build_var_map>, 'VARIANCE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Variance'>>, 'VARIANCE_SAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Variance'>>, 'VAR_SAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Variance'>>, 'VARIANCE_POP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VariancePop'>>, 'VAR_POP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VariancePop'>>, 'WEEK': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Week'>>, 'WEEK_OF_YEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WeekOfYear'>>, 'WEEKOFYEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WeekOfYear'>>, 'WHEN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.When'>>, 'X_M_L_TABLE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.XMLTable'>>, 'XOR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Xor'>>, 'YEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Year'>>, 'GLOB': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'JSON_EXTRACT_PATH_TEXT': <function build_extract_json_with_path.<locals>._builder>, 'LIKE': <function build_like>, 'LOG2': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LOG10': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'MOD': <function build_mod>, 'SCOPE_RESOLUTION': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TO_HEX': <function build_hex>, 'ARBITRARY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AnyValue'>>, 'APPROX_PERCENTILE': <function _build_approx_percentile>, 'BITWISE_AND': <function binary_from_function.<locals>.<lambda>>, 'BITWISE_NOT': <function Presto.Parser.<lambda>>, 'BITWISE_OR': <function binary_from_function.<locals>.<lambda>>, 'BITWISE_XOR': <function binary_from_function.<locals>.<lambda>>, 'CARDINALITY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySize'>>, 'CONTAINS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContains'>>, 'DATE_FORMAT': <function build_formatted_time.<locals>._builder>, 'DATE_PARSE': <function build_formatted_time.<locals>._builder>, 'ELEMENT_AT': <function Presto.Parser.<lambda>>, 'FROM_HEX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Unhex'>>, 'FROM_UNIXTIME': <function _build_from_unixtime>, 'FROM_UTF8': <function Presto.Parser.<lambda>>, 'NOW': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentTimestamp'>>, 'ROW': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Struct'>>, 'SEQUENCE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GenerateSeries'>>, 'SET_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayUniqueAgg'>>, 'SPLIT_TO_MAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToMap'>>, 'STRPOS': <function Presto.Parser.<lambda>>, 'TO_UNIXTIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeToUnix'>>, 'TO_UTF8': <function Presto.Parser.<lambda>>, 'SHA256': <function Presto.Parser.<lambda>>, 'SHA512': <function Presto.Parser.<lambda>>}
FUNCTION_PARSERS = {'CAST': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CONVERT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DECODE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'EXTRACT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'GAP_FILL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'JSON_OBJECT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'JSON_OBJECTAGG': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'JSON_TABLE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'MATCH': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'OPENJSON': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'POSITION': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PREDICT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SAFE_CAST': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'STRING_AGG': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SUBSTRING': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TRY_CAST': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TRY_CONVERT': <function Parser.<lambda>>}
ID_VAR_TOKENS = {<TokenType.TSMULTIRANGE: 'TSMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, <TokenType.ASOF: 'ASOF'>, <TokenType.UINT: 'UINT'>, <TokenType.INT8RANGE: 'INT8RANGE'>, <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, <TokenType.XML: 'XML'>, <TokenType.IPPREFIX: 'IPPREFIX'>, <TokenType.DATETIME64: 'DATETIME64'>, <TokenType.TABLE: 'TABLE'>, <TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>, <TokenType.STRUCT: 'STRUCT'>, <TokenType.ENUM8: 'ENUM8'>, <TokenType.USE: 'USE'>, <TokenType.DATE: 'DATE'>, <TokenType.RECURSIVE: 'RECURSIVE'>, <TokenType.HSTORE: 'HSTORE'>, <TokenType.DIV: 'DIV'>, <TokenType.SEMI: 'SEMI'>, <TokenType.SEQUENCE: 'SEQUENCE'>, <TokenType.TSRANGE: 'TSRANGE'>, <TokenType.ENUM16: 'ENUM16'>, <TokenType.USERDEFINED: 'USERDEFINED'>, <TokenType.FINAL: 'FINAL'>, <TokenType.IPV6: 'IPV6'>, <TokenType.COPY: 'COPY'>, <TokenType.SERIAL: 'SERIAL'>, <TokenType.ISNULL: 'ISNULL'>, <TokenType.OPERATOR: 'OPERATOR'>, <TokenType.INT4RANGE: 'INT4RANGE'>, <TokenType.FOREIGN_KEY: 'FOREIGN_KEY'>, <TokenType.GEOGRAPHY: 'GEOGRAPHY'>, <TokenType.SOME: 'SOME'>, <TokenType.OBJECT: 'OBJECT'>, <TokenType.INT256: 'INT256'>, <TokenType.COLLATE: 'COLLATE'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIMESTAMP: 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.ASC: 'ASC'>, <TokenType.ARRAY: 'ARRAY'>, <TokenType.CHAR: 'CHAR'>, <TokenType.WINDOW: 'WINDOW'>, <TokenType.ESCAPE: 'ESCAPE'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_USER: 'CURRENT_USER'>, <TokenType.OVERLAPS: 'OVERLAPS'>, <TokenType.SMALLSERIAL: 'SMALLSERIAL'>, <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, <TokenType.LEFT: 'LEFT'>, <TokenType.IPV4: 'IPV4'>, <TokenType.LOWCARDINALITY: 'LOWCARDINALITY'>, <TokenType.DATABASE: 'DATABASE'>, <TokenType.SCHEMA: 'SCHEMA'>, <TokenType.PIVOT: 'PIVOT'>, <TokenType.CASE: 'CASE'>, <TokenType.SETTINGS: 'SETTINGS'>, <TokenType.UPDATE: 'UPDATE'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIME: 'CURRENT_TIME'>, <TokenType.NEXT: 'NEXT'>, <TokenType.UNPIVOT: 'UNPIVOT'>, <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>, <TokenType.VOLATILE: 'VOLATILE'>, <TokenType.GEOMETRY: 'GEOMETRY'>, <TokenType.SUPER: 'SUPER'>, <TokenType.COMMENT: 'COMMENT'>, <TokenType.OVERWRITE: 'OVERWRITE'>, <TokenType.LONGTEXT: 'LONGTEXT'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATETIME: 'CURRENT_DATETIME'>, <TokenType.LOAD: 'LOAD'>, <TokenType.STORAGE_INTEGRATION: 'STORAGE_INTEGRATION'>, <TokenType.END: 'END'>, <TokenType.CACHE: 'CACHE'>, <TokenType.KEEP: 'KEEP'>, <TokenType.UNIQUE: 'UNIQUE'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATE: 'CURRENT_DATE'>, <TokenType.SIMPLEAGGREGATEFUNCTION: 'SIMPLEAGGREGATEFUNCTION'>, <TokenType.RIGHT: 'RIGHT'>, <TokenType.ORDINALITY: 'ORDINALITY'>, <TokenType.PROCEDURE: 'PROCEDURE'>, <TokenType.INTERVAL: 'INTERVAL'>, <TokenType.FALSE: 'FALSE'>, <TokenType.VAR: 'VAR'>, <TokenType.INT4MULTIRANGE: 'INT4MULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.BEGIN: 'BEGIN'>, <TokenType.DESCRIBE: 'DESCRIBE'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_MS: 'TIMESTAMP_MS'>, <TokenType.DICTIONARY: 'DICTIONARY'>, <TokenType.MONEY: 'MONEY'>, <TokenType.UBIGINT: 'UBIGINT'>, <TokenType.DATE32: 'DATE32'>, <TokenType.PERCENT: 'PERCENT'>, <TokenType.DEFAULT: 'DEFAULT'>, <TokenType.BIT: 'BIT'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP: 'TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.IPADDRESS: 'IPADDRESS'>, <TokenType.EXISTS: 'EXISTS'>, <TokenType.SMALLMONEY: 'SMALLMONEY'>, <TokenType.TRUNCATE: 'TRUNCATE'>, <TokenType.IDENTIFIER: 'IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.IMAGE: 'IMAGE'>, <TokenType.FUNCTION: 'FUNCTION'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_NS: 'TIMESTAMP_NS'>, <TokenType.ROW: 'ROW'>, <TokenType.TIME: 'TIME'>, <TokenType.NAME: 'NAME'>, <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, <TokenType.STREAMLIT: 'STREAMLIT'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, <TokenType.MAP: 'MAP'>, <TokenType.INT128: 'INT128'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPNTZ: 'TIMESTAMPNTZ'>, <TokenType.SHOW: 'SHOW'>, <TokenType.TSTZRANGE: 'TSTZRANGE'>, <TokenType.FIRST: 'FIRST'>, <TokenType.TAG: 'TAG'>, <TokenType.LIST: 'LIST'>, <TokenType.UINT256: 'UINT256'>, <TokenType.CONSTRAINT: 'CONSTRAINT'>, <TokenType.TIMETZ: 'TIMETZ'>, <TokenType.VIEW: 'VIEW'>, <TokenType.LONGBLOB: 'LONGBLOB'>, <TokenType.SET: 'SET'>, <TokenType.NUMRANGE: 'NUMRANGE'>, <TokenType.PSEUDO_TYPE: 'PSEUDO_TYPE'>, <TokenType.STRAIGHT_JOIN: 'STRAIGHT_JOIN'>, <TokenType.RANGE: 'RANGE'>, <TokenType.IS: 'IS'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMINT: 'MEDIUMINT'>, <TokenType.VARIANT: 'VARIANT'>, <TokenType.USMALLINT: 'USMALLINT'>, <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, <TokenType.ENUM: 'ENUM'>, <TokenType.NUMMULTIRANGE: 'NUMMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.FULL: 'FULL'>, <TokenType.REPLACE: 'REPLACE'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMTEXT: 'MEDIUMTEXT'>, <TokenType.TOP: 'TOP'>, <TokenType.FILTER: 'FILTER'>, <TokenType.NCHAR: 'NCHAR'>, <TokenType.NESTED: 'NESTED'>, <TokenType.DESC: 'DESC'>, <TokenType.REFERENCES: 'REFERENCES'>, <TokenType.COMMIT: 'COMMIT'>, <TokenType.PRAGMA: 'PRAGMA'>, <TokenType.ALL: 'ALL'>, <TokenType.UUID: 'UUID'>, <TokenType.NULLABLE: 'NULLABLE'>, <TokenType.NATURAL: 'NATURAL'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_S: 'TIMESTAMP_S'>, <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, <TokenType.MODEL: 'MODEL'>, <TokenType.FIXEDSTRING: 'FIXEDSTRING'>, <TokenType.UMEDIUMINT: 'UMEDIUMINT'>, <TokenType.JSON: 'JSON'>, <TokenType.WAREHOUSE: 'WAREHOUSE'>, <TokenType.JSONB: 'JSONB'>, <TokenType.ROWS: 'ROWS'>, <TokenType.APPLY: 'APPLY'>, <TokenType.DELETE: 'DELETE'>, <TokenType.TSTZMULTIRANGE: 'TSTZMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.BIGSERIAL: 'BIGSERIAL'>, <TokenType.TDIGEST: 'TDIGEST'>, <TokenType.UTINYINT: 'UTINYINT'>, <TokenType.REFRESH: 'REFRESH'>, <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>, <TokenType.ROWVERSION: 'ROWVERSION'>, <TokenType.PARTITION: 'PARTITION'>, <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, <TokenType.NULL: 'NULL'>, <TokenType.KILL: 'KILL'>, <TokenType.YEAR: 'YEAR'>, <TokenType.ANY: 'ANY'>, <TokenType.OFFSET: 'OFFSET'>, <TokenType.ROLLUP: 'ROLLUP'>, <TokenType.DATETIME: 'DATETIME'>, <TokenType.TRUE: 'TRUE'>, <TokenType.UNIQUEIDENTIFIER: 'UNIQUEIDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.BINARY: 'BINARY'>, <TokenType.MERGE: 'MERGE'>, <TokenType.TINYBLOB: 'TINYBLOB'>, <TokenType.UINT128: 'UINT128'>, <TokenType.AGGREGATEFUNCTION: 'AGGREGATEFUNCTION'>, <TokenType.FORMAT: 'FORMAT'>, <TokenType.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>, <TokenType.UNNEST: 'UNNEST'>, <TokenType.HLLSKETCH: 'HLLSKETCH'>, <TokenType.INT8MULTIRANGE: 'INT8MULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER: 'OBJECT_IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.EXECUTE: 'EXECUTE'>, <TokenType.COLUMN: 'COLUMN'>, <TokenType.TINYTEXT: 'TINYTEXT'>, <TokenType.ANTI: 'ANTI'>, <TokenType.BPCHAR: 'BPCHAR'>, <TokenType.INET: 'INET'>, <TokenType.DATEMULTIRANGE: 'DATEMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>, <TokenType.UDECIMAL: 'UDECIMAL'>, <TokenType.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>, <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMBLOB: 'MEDIUMBLOB'>, <TokenType.DATERANGE: 'DATERANGE'>, <TokenType.INDEX: 'INDEX'>, <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>}
TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS = {<TokenType.TSMULTIRANGE: 'TSMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, <TokenType.UINT: 'UINT'>, <TokenType.INT8RANGE: 'INT8RANGE'>, <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, <TokenType.XML: 'XML'>, <TokenType.IPPREFIX: 'IPPREFIX'>, <TokenType.DATETIME64: 'DATETIME64'>, <TokenType.TABLE: 'TABLE'>, <TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>, <TokenType.STRUCT: 'STRUCT'>, <TokenType.ENUM8: 'ENUM8'>, <TokenType.USE: 'USE'>, <TokenType.DATE: 'DATE'>, <TokenType.RECURSIVE: 'RECURSIVE'>, <TokenType.HSTORE: 'HSTORE'>, <TokenType.DIV: 'DIV'>, <TokenType.SEQUENCE: 'SEQUENCE'>, <TokenType.TSRANGE: 'TSRANGE'>, <TokenType.SEMI: 'SEMI'>, <TokenType.ENUM16: 'ENUM16'>, <TokenType.USERDEFINED: 'USERDEFINED'>, <TokenType.FINAL: 'FINAL'>, <TokenType.IPV6: 'IPV6'>, <TokenType.COPY: 'COPY'>, <TokenType.SERIAL: 'SERIAL'>, <TokenType.ISNULL: 'ISNULL'>, <TokenType.OPERATOR: 'OPERATOR'>, <TokenType.INT4RANGE: 'INT4RANGE'>, <TokenType.FOREIGN_KEY: 'FOREIGN_KEY'>, <TokenType.GEOGRAPHY: 'GEOGRAPHY'>, <TokenType.SOME: 'SOME'>, <TokenType.OBJECT: 'OBJECT'>, <TokenType.INT256: 'INT256'>, <TokenType.COLLATE: 'COLLATE'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIMESTAMP: 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.ASC: 'ASC'>, <TokenType.ARRAY: 'ARRAY'>, <TokenType.CHAR: 'CHAR'>, <TokenType.ESCAPE: 'ESCAPE'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_USER: 'CURRENT_USER'>, <TokenType.OVERLAPS: 'OVERLAPS'>, <TokenType.SMALLSERIAL: 'SMALLSERIAL'>, <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, <TokenType.IPV4: 'IPV4'>, <TokenType.LOWCARDINALITY: 'LOWCARDINALITY'>, <TokenType.DATABASE: 'DATABASE'>, <TokenType.SCHEMA: 'SCHEMA'>, <TokenType.PIVOT: 'PIVOT'>, <TokenType.CASE: 'CASE'>, <TokenType.SETTINGS: 'SETTINGS'>, <TokenType.UPDATE: 'UPDATE'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIME: 'CURRENT_TIME'>, <TokenType.NEXT: 'NEXT'>, <TokenType.UNPIVOT: 'UNPIVOT'>, <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>, <TokenType.VOLATILE: 'VOLATILE'>, <TokenType.GEOMETRY: 'GEOMETRY'>, <TokenType.SUPER: 'SUPER'>, <TokenType.COMMENT: 'COMMENT'>, <TokenType.OVERWRITE: 'OVERWRITE'>, <TokenType.LONGTEXT: 'LONGTEXT'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATETIME: 'CURRENT_DATETIME'>, <TokenType.LOAD: 'LOAD'>, <TokenType.STORAGE_INTEGRATION: 'STORAGE_INTEGRATION'>, <TokenType.END: 'END'>, <TokenType.CACHE: 'CACHE'>, <TokenType.KEEP: 'KEEP'>, <TokenType.UNIQUE: 'UNIQUE'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATE: 'CURRENT_DATE'>, <TokenType.SIMPLEAGGREGATEFUNCTION: 'SIMPLEAGGREGATEFUNCTION'>, <TokenType.ORDINALITY: 'ORDINALITY'>, <TokenType.PROCEDURE: 'PROCEDURE'>, <TokenType.INTERVAL: 'INTERVAL'>, <TokenType.FALSE: 'FALSE'>, <TokenType.VAR: 'VAR'>, <TokenType.INT4MULTIRANGE: 'INT4MULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.BEGIN: 'BEGIN'>, <TokenType.DESCRIBE: 'DESCRIBE'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_MS: 'TIMESTAMP_MS'>, <TokenType.DICTIONARY: 'DICTIONARY'>, <TokenType.MONEY: 'MONEY'>, <TokenType.UBIGINT: 'UBIGINT'>, <TokenType.DATE32: 'DATE32'>, <TokenType.PERCENT: 'PERCENT'>, <TokenType.DEFAULT: 'DEFAULT'>, <TokenType.BIT: 'BIT'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP: 'TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.IPADDRESS: 'IPADDRESS'>, <TokenType.EXISTS: 'EXISTS'>, <TokenType.SMALLMONEY: 'SMALLMONEY'>, <TokenType.TRUNCATE: 'TRUNCATE'>, <TokenType.IDENTIFIER: 'IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.IMAGE: 'IMAGE'>, <TokenType.FUNCTION: 'FUNCTION'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_NS: 'TIMESTAMP_NS'>, <TokenType.ROW: 'ROW'>, <TokenType.TIME: 'TIME'>, <TokenType.NAME: 'NAME'>, <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, <TokenType.STREAMLIT: 'STREAMLIT'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, <TokenType.MAP: 'MAP'>, <TokenType.INT128: 'INT128'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPNTZ: 'TIMESTAMPNTZ'>, <TokenType.SHOW: 'SHOW'>, <TokenType.TSTZRANGE: 'TSTZRANGE'>, <TokenType.FIRST: 'FIRST'>, <TokenType.TAG: 'TAG'>, <TokenType.LIST: 'LIST'>, <TokenType.UINT256: 'UINT256'>, <TokenType.CONSTRAINT: 'CONSTRAINT'>, <TokenType.TIMETZ: 'TIMETZ'>, <TokenType.VIEW: 'VIEW'>, <TokenType.LONGBLOB: 'LONGBLOB'>, <TokenType.SET: 'SET'>, <TokenType.NUMRANGE: 'NUMRANGE'>, <TokenType.PSEUDO_TYPE: 'PSEUDO_TYPE'>, <TokenType.STRAIGHT_JOIN: 'STRAIGHT_JOIN'>, <TokenType.RANGE: 'RANGE'>, <TokenType.IS: 'IS'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMINT: 'MEDIUMINT'>, <TokenType.VARIANT: 'VARIANT'>, <TokenType.USMALLINT: 'USMALLINT'>, <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, <TokenType.ENUM: 'ENUM'>, <TokenType.NUMMULTIRANGE: 'NUMMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.REPLACE: 'REPLACE'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMTEXT: 'MEDIUMTEXT'>, <TokenType.TOP: 'TOP'>, <TokenType.FILTER: 'FILTER'>, <TokenType.NCHAR: 'NCHAR'>, <TokenType.NESTED: 'NESTED'>, <TokenType.DESC: 'DESC'>, <TokenType.REFERENCES: 'REFERENCES'>, <TokenType.COMMIT: 'COMMIT'>, <TokenType.PRAGMA: 'PRAGMA'>, <TokenType.ALL: 'ALL'>, <TokenType.UUID: 'UUID'>, <TokenType.NULLABLE: 'NULLABLE'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_S: 'TIMESTAMP_S'>, <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, <TokenType.FIXEDSTRING: 'FIXEDSTRING'>, <TokenType.MODEL: 'MODEL'>, <TokenType.UMEDIUMINT: 'UMEDIUMINT'>, <TokenType.JSON: 'JSON'>, <TokenType.WAREHOUSE: 'WAREHOUSE'>, <TokenType.JSONB: 'JSONB'>, <TokenType.ROWS: 'ROWS'>, <TokenType.DELETE: 'DELETE'>, <TokenType.TSTZMULTIRANGE: 'TSTZMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.BIGSERIAL: 'BIGSERIAL'>, <TokenType.TDIGEST: 'TDIGEST'>, <TokenType.UTINYINT: 'UTINYINT'>, <TokenType.REFRESH: 'REFRESH'>, <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>, <TokenType.ROWVERSION: 'ROWVERSION'>, <TokenType.PARTITION: 'PARTITION'>, <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, <TokenType.NULL: 'NULL'>, <TokenType.KILL: 'KILL'>, <TokenType.YEAR: 'YEAR'>, <TokenType.ANY: 'ANY'>, <TokenType.ROLLUP: 'ROLLUP'>, <TokenType.DATETIME: 'DATETIME'>, <TokenType.TRUE: 'TRUE'>, <TokenType.UNIQUEIDENTIFIER: 'UNIQUEIDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.BINARY: 'BINARY'>, <TokenType.MERGE: 'MERGE'>, <TokenType.TINYBLOB: 'TINYBLOB'>, <TokenType.UINT128: 'UINT128'>, <TokenType.AGGREGATEFUNCTION: 'AGGREGATEFUNCTION'>, <TokenType.FORMAT: 'FORMAT'>, <TokenType.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>, <TokenType.UNNEST: 'UNNEST'>, <TokenType.HLLSKETCH: 'HLLSKETCH'>, <TokenType.INT8MULTIRANGE: 'INT8MULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER: 'OBJECT_IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.EXECUTE: 'EXECUTE'>, <TokenType.COLUMN: 'COLUMN'>, <TokenType.TINYTEXT: 'TINYTEXT'>, <TokenType.ANTI: 'ANTI'>, <TokenType.BPCHAR: 'BPCHAR'>, <TokenType.INET: 'INET'>, <TokenType.DATEMULTIRANGE: 'DATEMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>, <TokenType.UDECIMAL: 'UDECIMAL'>, <TokenType.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>, <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMBLOB: 'MEDIUMBLOB'>, <TokenType.DATERANGE: 'DATERANGE'>, <TokenType.INDEX: 'INDEX'>, <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>}
SHOW_TRIE: Dict = {}
SET_TRIE: Dict = {'GLOBAL': {0: True}, 'LOCAL': {0: True}, 'SESSION': {0: True}, 'TRANSACTION': {0: True}}
Inherited Members
sqlglot.parser.Parser
Parser
NO_PAREN_FUNCTIONS
STRUCT_TYPE_TOKENS
NESTED_TYPE_TOKENS
ENUM_TYPE_TOKENS
AGGREGATE_TYPE_TOKENS
TYPE_TOKENS
SIGNED_TO_UNSIGNED_TYPE_TOKEN
SUBQUERY_PREDICATES
RESERVED_TOKENS
DB_CREATABLES
CREATABLES
INTERVAL_VARS
ALIAS_TOKENS
ARRAY_CONSTRUCTORS
COMMENT_TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS
UPDATE_ALIAS_TOKENS
TRIM_TYPES
FUNC_TOKENS
CONJUNCTION
ASSIGNMENT
DISJUNCTION
EQUALITY
COMPARISON
BITWISE
TERM
FACTOR
EXPONENT
TIMES
TIMESTAMPS
SET_OPERATIONS
JOIN_METHODS
JOIN_SIDES
JOIN_KINDS
JOIN_HINTS
LAMBDAS
COLUMN_OPERATORS
EXPRESSION_PARSERS
STATEMENT_PARSERS
UNARY_PARSERS
STRING_PARSERS
NUMERIC_PARSERS
PRIMARY_PARSERS
PLACEHOLDER_PARSERS
RANGE_PARSERS
PROPERTY_PARSERS
CONSTRAINT_PARSERS
ALTER_PARSERS
ALTER_ALTER_PARSERS
SCHEMA_UNNAMED_CONSTRAINTS
NO_PAREN_FUNCTION_PARSERS
INVALID_FUNC_NAME_TOKENS
FUNCTIONS_WITH_ALIASED_ARGS
KEY_VALUE_DEFINITIONS
QUERY_MODIFIER_PARSERS
SET_PARSERS
SHOW_PARSERS
TYPE_LITERAL_PARSERS
TYPE_CONVERTERS
DDL_SELECT_TOKENS
PRE_VOLATILE_TOKENS
TRANSACTION_KIND
TRANSACTION_CHARACTERISTICS
CONFLICT_ACTIONS
CREATE_SEQUENCE
ISOLATED_LOADING_OPTIONS
USABLES
CAST_ACTIONS
INSERT_ALTERNATIVES
CLONE_KEYWORDS
HISTORICAL_DATA_KIND
OPCLASS_FOLLOW_KEYWORDS
OPTYPE_FOLLOW_TOKENS
TABLE_INDEX_HINT_TOKENS
VIEW_ATTRIBUTES
WINDOW_ALIAS_TOKENS
WINDOW_BEFORE_PAREN_TOKENS
WINDOW_SIDES
JSON_KEY_VALUE_SEPARATOR_TOKENS
FETCH_TOKENS
ADD_CONSTRAINT_TOKENS
DISTINCT_TOKENS
NULL_TOKENS
UNNEST_OFFSET_ALIAS_TOKENS
SELECT_START_TOKENS
COPY_INTO_VARLEN_OPTIONS
STRICT_CAST
PREFIXED_PIVOT_COLUMNS
IDENTIFY_PIVOT_STRINGS
LOG_DEFAULTS_TO_LN
ALTER_TABLE_ADD_REQUIRED_FOR_EACH_COLUMN
TABLESAMPLE_CSV
DEFAULT_SAMPLING_METHOD
SET_REQUIRES_ASSIGNMENT_DELIMITER
TRIM_PATTERN_FIRST
STRING_ALIASES
MODIFIERS_ATTACHED_TO_SET_OP
SET_OP_MODIFIERS
NO_PAREN_IF_COMMANDS
JSON_ARROWS_REQUIRE_JSON_TYPE
COLON_IS_JSON_EXTRACT
SUPPORTS_IMPLICIT_UNNEST
INTERVAL_SPANS
SUPPORTS_PARTITION_SELECTION
error_level
error_message_context
max_errors
dialect
reset
parse
parse_into
check_errors
raise_error
expression
validate_expression
errors
sql
class Presto.Generator(sqlglot.generator.Generator):
294    class Generator(generator.Generator):
295        INTERVAL_ALLOWS_PLURAL_FORM = False
296        JOIN_HINTS = False
297        TABLE_HINTS = False
298        QUERY_HINTS = False
299        IS_BOOL_ALLOWED = False
300        TZ_TO_WITH_TIME_ZONE = True
301        NVL2_SUPPORTED = False
302        STRUCT_DELIMITER = ("(", ")")
303        LIMIT_ONLY_LITERALS = True
304        SUPPORTS_SINGLE_ARG_CONCAT = False
305        LIKE_PROPERTY_INSIDE_SCHEMA = True
306        MULTI_ARG_DISTINCT = False
307        SUPPORTS_TO_NUMBER = False
308        HEX_FUNC = "TO_HEX"
309        PARSE_JSON_NAME = "JSON_PARSE"
310
311        PROPERTIES_LOCATION = {
312            **generator.Generator.PROPERTIES_LOCATION,
313            exp.LocationProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
314            exp.VolatileProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
315        }
316
317        TYPE_MAPPING = {
318            **generator.Generator.TYPE_MAPPING,
319            exp.DataType.Type.INT: "INTEGER",
320            exp.DataType.Type.FLOAT: "REAL",
321            exp.DataType.Type.BINARY: "VARBINARY",
322            exp.DataType.Type.TEXT: "VARCHAR",
323            exp.DataType.Type.TIMETZ: "TIME",
324            exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPTZ: "TIMESTAMP",
325            exp.DataType.Type.STRUCT: "ROW",
326            exp.DataType.Type.DATETIME: "TIMESTAMP",
327            exp.DataType.Type.DATETIME64: "TIMESTAMP",
328            exp.DataType.Type.HLLSKETCH: "HYPERLOGLOG",
329        }
330
331        TRANSFORMS = {
332            **generator.Generator.TRANSFORMS,
333            exp.AnyValue: rename_func("ARBITRARY"),
334            exp.ApproxDistinct: lambda self, e: self.func(
335                "APPROX_DISTINCT", e.this, e.args.get("accuracy")
336            ),
337            exp.ApproxQuantile: rename_func("APPROX_PERCENTILE"),
338            exp.ArgMax: rename_func("MAX_BY"),
339            exp.ArgMin: rename_func("MIN_BY"),
340            exp.Array: lambda self, e: f"ARRAY[{self.expressions(e, flat=True)}]",
341            exp.ArrayAny: rename_func("ANY_MATCH"),
342            exp.ArrayConcat: rename_func("CONCAT"),
343            exp.ArrayContains: rename_func("CONTAINS"),
344            exp.ArraySize: rename_func("CARDINALITY"),
345            exp.ArrayToString: rename_func("ARRAY_JOIN"),
346            exp.ArrayUniqueAgg: rename_func("SET_AGG"),
347            exp.AtTimeZone: rename_func("AT_TIMEZONE"),
348            exp.BitwiseAnd: lambda self, e: self.func("BITWISE_AND", e.this, e.expression),
349            exp.BitwiseLeftShift: lambda self, e: self.func(
350                "BITWISE_ARITHMETIC_SHIFT_LEFT", e.this, e.expression
351            ),
352            exp.BitwiseNot: lambda self, e: self.func("BITWISE_NOT", e.this),
353            exp.BitwiseOr: lambda self, e: self.func("BITWISE_OR", e.this, e.expression),
354            exp.BitwiseRightShift: lambda self, e: self.func(
355                "BITWISE_ARITHMETIC_SHIFT_RIGHT", e.this, e.expression
356            ),
357            exp.BitwiseXor: lambda self, e: self.func("BITWISE_XOR", e.this, e.expression),
358            exp.Cast: transforms.preprocess([transforms.epoch_cast_to_ts]),
359            exp.CurrentTimestamp: lambda *_: "CURRENT_TIMESTAMP",
360            exp.DateAdd: lambda self, e: self.func(
361                "DATE_ADD",
362                unit_to_str(e),
363                _to_int(e.expression),
364                e.this,
365            ),
366            exp.DateDiff: lambda self, e: self.func(
367                "DATE_DIFF", unit_to_str(e), e.expression, e.this
368            ),
369            exp.DateStrToDate: datestrtodate_sql,
370            exp.DateToDi: lambda self,
371            e: f"CAST(DATE_FORMAT({self.sql(e, 'this')}, {Presto.DATEINT_FORMAT}) AS INT)",
372            exp.DateSub: lambda self, e: self.func(
373                "DATE_ADD",
374                unit_to_str(e),
375                _to_int(e.expression * -1),
376                e.this,
377            ),
378            exp.Decode: lambda self, e: encode_decode_sql(self, e, "FROM_UTF8"),
379            exp.DiToDate: lambda self,
380            e: f"CAST(DATE_PARSE(CAST({self.sql(e, 'this')} AS VARCHAR), {Presto.DATEINT_FORMAT}) AS DATE)",
381            exp.Encode: lambda self, e: encode_decode_sql(self, e, "TO_UTF8"),
382            exp.FileFormatProperty: lambda self, e: f"FORMAT='{e.name.upper()}'",
383            exp.First: _first_last_sql,
384            exp.FirstValue: _first_last_sql,
385            exp.FromTimeZone: lambda self,
386            e: f"WITH_TIMEZONE({self.sql(e, 'this')}, {self.sql(e, 'zone')}) AT TIME ZONE 'UTC'",
387            exp.Group: transforms.preprocess([transforms.unalias_group]),
388            exp.GroupConcat: lambda self, e: self.func(
389                "ARRAY_JOIN", self.func("ARRAY_AGG", e.this), e.args.get("separator")
390            ),
391            exp.If: if_sql(),
392            exp.ILike: no_ilike_sql,
393            exp.Initcap: _initcap_sql,
394            exp.Last: _first_last_sql,
395            exp.LastValue: _first_last_sql,
396            exp.LastDay: lambda self, e: self.func("LAST_DAY_OF_MONTH", e.this),
397            exp.Lateral: _explode_to_unnest_sql,
398            exp.Left: left_to_substring_sql,
399            exp.Levenshtein: rename_func("LEVENSHTEIN_DISTANCE"),
400            exp.LogicalAnd: rename_func("BOOL_AND"),
401            exp.LogicalOr: rename_func("BOOL_OR"),
402            exp.Pivot: no_pivot_sql,
403            exp.Quantile: _quantile_sql,
404            exp.RegexpExtract: regexp_extract_sql,
405            exp.Right: right_to_substring_sql,
406            exp.SafeDivide: no_safe_divide_sql,
407            exp.Schema: _schema_sql,
408            exp.SchemaCommentProperty: lambda self, e: self.naked_property(e),
409            exp.Select: transforms.preprocess(
410                [
411                    transforms.eliminate_qualify,
412                    transforms.eliminate_distinct_on,
413                    transforms.explode_to_unnest(1),
414                    transforms.eliminate_semi_and_anti_joins,
415                ]
416            ),
417            exp.SortArray: _no_sort_array,
418            exp.StrPosition: lambda self, e: str_position_sql(self, e, generate_instance=True),
419            exp.StrToDate: lambda self, e: f"CAST({_str_to_time_sql(self, e)} AS DATE)",
420            exp.StrToMap: rename_func("SPLIT_TO_MAP"),
421            exp.StrToTime: _str_to_time_sql,
422            exp.StructExtract: struct_extract_sql,
423            exp.Table: transforms.preprocess([_unnest_sequence]),
424            exp.Timestamp: no_timestamp_sql,
425            exp.TimestampTrunc: timestamptrunc_sql(),
426            exp.TimeStrToDate: timestrtotime_sql,
427            exp.TimeStrToTime: timestrtotime_sql,
428            exp.TimeStrToUnix: lambda self, e: self.func(
429                "TO_UNIXTIME", self.func("DATE_PARSE", e.this, Presto.TIME_FORMAT)
430            ),
431            exp.TimeToStr: lambda self, e: self.func("DATE_FORMAT", e.this, self.format_time(e)),
432            exp.TimeToUnix: rename_func("TO_UNIXTIME"),
433            exp.ToChar: lambda self, e: self.func("DATE_FORMAT", e.this, self.format_time(e)),
434            exp.TryCast: transforms.preprocess([transforms.epoch_cast_to_ts]),
435            exp.TsOrDiToDi: lambda self,
436            e: f"CAST(SUBSTR(REPLACE(CAST({self.sql(e, 'this')} AS VARCHAR), '-', ''), 1, 8) AS INT)",
437            exp.TsOrDsAdd: _ts_or_ds_add_sql,
438            exp.TsOrDsDiff: _ts_or_ds_diff_sql,
439            exp.TsOrDsToDate: _ts_or_ds_to_date_sql,
440            exp.Unhex: rename_func("FROM_HEX"),
441            exp.UnixToStr: lambda self,
442            e: f"DATE_FORMAT(FROM_UNIXTIME({self.sql(e, 'this')}), {self.format_time(e)})",
443            exp.UnixToTime: _unix_to_time_sql,
444            exp.UnixToTimeStr: lambda self,
445            e: f"CAST(FROM_UNIXTIME({self.sql(e, 'this')}) AS VARCHAR)",
446            exp.VariancePop: rename_func("VAR_POP"),
447            exp.With: transforms.preprocess([transforms.add_recursive_cte_column_names]),
448            exp.WithinGroup: transforms.preprocess(
449                [transforms.remove_within_group_for_percentiles]
450            ),
451            exp.Xor: bool_xor_sql,
452            exp.MD5: lambda self, e: self.func(
453                "LOWER", self.func("TO_HEX", self.func("MD5", self.sql(e, "this")))
454            ),
455            exp.MD5Digest: rename_func("MD5"),
456            exp.SHA: rename_func("SHA1"),
457            exp.SHA2: sha256_sql,
458        }
459
460        RESERVED_KEYWORDS = {
461            "alter",
462            "and",
463            "as",
464            "between",
465            "by",
466            "case",
467            "cast",
468            "constraint",
469            "create",
470            "cross",
471            "current_time",
472            "current_timestamp",
473            "deallocate",
474            "delete",
475            "describe",
476            "distinct",
477            "drop",
478            "else",
479            "end",
480            "escape",
481            "except",
482            "execute",
483            "exists",
484            "extract",
485            "false",
486            "for",
487            "from",
488            "full",
489            "group",
490            "having",
491            "in",
492            "inner",
493            "insert",
494            "intersect",
495            "into",
496            "is",
497            "join",
498            "left",
499            "like",
500            "natural",
501            "not",
502            "null",
503            "on",
504            "or",
505            "order",
506            "outer",
507            "prepare",
508            "right",
509            "select",
510            "table",
511            "then",
512            "true",
513            "union",
514            "using",
515            "values",
516            "when",
517            "where",
518            "with",
519        }
520
521        def strtounix_sql(self, expression: exp.StrToUnix) -> str:
522            # Since `TO_UNIXTIME` requires a `TIMESTAMP`, we need to parse the argument into one.
523            # To do this, we first try to `DATE_PARSE` it, but since this can fail when there's a
524            # timezone involved, we wrap it in a `TRY` call and use `PARSE_DATETIME` as a fallback,
525            # which seems to be using the same time mapping as Hive, as per:
526            # https://joda-time.sourceforge.net/apidocs/org/joda/time/format/DateTimeFormat.html
527            value_as_text = exp.cast(expression.this, exp.DataType.Type.TEXT)
528            parse_without_tz = self.func("DATE_PARSE", value_as_text, self.format_time(expression))
529            parse_with_tz = self.func(
530                "PARSE_DATETIME",
531                value_as_text,
532                self.format_time(expression, Hive.INVERSE_TIME_MAPPING, Hive.INVERSE_TIME_TRIE),
533            )
534            coalesced = self.func("COALESCE", self.func("TRY", parse_without_tz), parse_with_tz)
535            return self.func("TO_UNIXTIME", coalesced)
536
537        def bracket_sql(self, expression: exp.Bracket) -> str:
538            if expression.args.get("safe"):
539                return self.func(
540                    "ELEMENT_AT",
541                    expression.this,
542                    seq_get(
543                        apply_index_offset(
544                            expression.this,
545                            expression.expressions,
546                            1 - expression.args.get("offset", 0),
547                        ),
548                        0,
549                    ),
550                )
551            return super().bracket_sql(expression)
552
553        def struct_sql(self, expression: exp.Struct) -> str:
554            from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types
555
556            expression = annotate_types(expression)
557            values: t.List[str] = []
558            schema: t.List[str] = []
559            unknown_type = False
560
561            for e in expression.expressions:
562                if isinstance(e, exp.PropertyEQ):
563                    if e.type and e.type.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.UNKNOWN):
564                        unknown_type = True
565                    else:
566                        schema.append(f"{self.sql(e, 'this')} {self.sql(e.type)}")
567                    values.append(self.sql(e, "expression"))
568                else:
569                    values.append(self.sql(e))
570
571            size = len(expression.expressions)
572
573            if not size or len(schema) != size:
574                if unknown_type:
575                    self.unsupported(
576                        "Cannot convert untyped key-value definitions (try annotate_types)."
577                    )
578                return self.func("ROW", *values)
579            return f"CAST(ROW({', '.join(values)}) AS ROW({', '.join(schema)}))"
580
581        def interval_sql(self, expression: exp.Interval) -> str:
582            if expression.this and expression.text("unit").upper().startswith("WEEK"):
583                return f"({expression.this.name} * INTERVAL '7' DAY)"
584            return super().interval_sql(expression)
585
586        def transaction_sql(self, expression: exp.Transaction) -> str:
587            modes = expression.args.get("modes")
588            modes = f" {', '.join(modes)}" if modes else ""
589            return f"START TRANSACTION{modes}"
590
591        def generateseries_sql(self, expression: exp.GenerateSeries) -> str:
592            start = expression.args["start"]
593            end = expression.args["end"]
594            step = expression.args.get("step")
595
596            if isinstance(start, exp.Cast):
597                target_type = start.to
598            elif isinstance(end, exp.Cast):
599                target_type = end.to
600            else:
601                target_type = None
602
603            if target_type and target_type.is_type("timestamp"):
604                if target_type is start.to:
605                    end = exp.cast(end, target_type)
606                else:
607                    start = exp.cast(start, target_type)
608
609            return self.func("SEQUENCE", start, end, step)
610
611        def offset_limit_modifiers(
612            self, expression: exp.Expression, fetch: bool, limit: t.Optional[exp.Fetch | exp.Limit]
613        ) -> t.List[str]:
614            return [
615                self.sql(expression, "offset"),
616                self.sql(limit),
617            ]
618
619        def create_sql(self, expression: exp.Create) -> str:
620            """
621            Presto doesn't support CREATE VIEW with expressions (ex: `CREATE VIEW x (cola)` then `(cola)` is the expression),
622            so we need to remove them
623            """
624            kind = expression.args["kind"]
625            schema = expression.this
626            if kind == "VIEW" and schema.expressions:
627                expression.this.set("expressions", None)
628            return super().create_sql(expression)
629
630        def delete_sql(self, expression: exp.Delete) -> str:
631            """
632            Presto only supports DELETE FROM for a single table without an alias, so we need
633            to remove the unnecessary parts. If the original DELETE statement contains more
634            than one table to be deleted, we can't safely map it 1-1 to a Presto statement.
635            """
636            tables = expression.args.get("tables") or [expression.this]
637            if len(tables) > 1:
638                return super().delete_sql(expression)
639
640            table = tables[0]
641            expression.set("this", table)
642            expression.set("tables", None)
643
644            if isinstance(table, exp.Table):
645                table_alias = table.args.get("alias")
646                if table_alias:
647                    table_alias.pop()
648                    expression = t.cast(exp.Delete, expression.transform(unqualify_columns))
649
650            return super().delete_sql(expression)

Generator converts a given syntax tree to the corresponding SQL string.

Arguments:
  • pretty: Whether to format the produced SQL string. Default: False.
  • identify: Determines when an identifier should be quoted. Possible values are: False (default): Never quote, except in cases where it's mandatory by the dialect. True or 'always': Always quote. 'safe': Only quote identifiers that are case insensitive.
  • normalize: Whether to normalize identifiers to lowercase. Default: False.
  • pad: The pad size in a formatted string. For example, this affects the indentation of a projection in a query, relative to its nesting level. Default: 2.
  • indent: The indentation size in a formatted string. For example, this affects the indentation of subqueries and filters under a WHERE clause. Default: 2.
  • normalize_functions: How to normalize function names. Possible values are: "upper" or True (default): Convert names to uppercase. "lower": Convert names to lowercase. False: Disables function name normalization.
  • unsupported_level: Determines the generator's behavior when it encounters unsupported expressions. Default ErrorLevel.WARN.
  • max_unsupported: Maximum number of unsupported messages to include in a raised UnsupportedError. This is only relevant if unsupported_level is ErrorLevel.RAISE. Default: 3
  • leading_comma: Whether the comma is leading or trailing in select expressions. This is only relevant when generating in pretty mode. Default: False
  • max_text_width: The max number of characters in a segment before creating new lines in pretty mode. The default is on the smaller end because the length only represents a segment and not the true line length. Default: 80
  • comments: Whether to preserve comments in the output SQL code. Default: True
INTERVAL_ALLOWS_PLURAL_FORM = False
JOIN_HINTS = False
TABLE_HINTS = False
QUERY_HINTS = False
IS_BOOL_ALLOWED = False
TZ_TO_WITH_TIME_ZONE = True
NVL2_SUPPORTED = False
STRUCT_DELIMITER = ('(', ')')
LIMIT_ONLY_LITERALS = True
SUPPORTS_SINGLE_ARG_CONCAT = False
LIKE_PROPERTY_INSIDE_SCHEMA = True
MULTI_ARG_DISTINCT = False
SUPPORTS_TO_NUMBER = False
HEX_FUNC = 'TO_HEX'
PARSE_JSON_NAME = 'JSON_PARSE'
PROPERTIES_LOCATION = {<class 'sqlglot.expressions.AllowedValuesProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AlgorithmProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AutoIncrementProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AutoRefreshProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BackupProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BlockCompressionProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CharacterSetProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ChecksumProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CollateProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CopyGrantsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Cluster'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ClusteredByProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DataBlocksizeProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DataDeletionProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DefinerProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DictRange'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DictProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DynamicProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DistKeyProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DistStyleProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EngineProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExecuteAsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExternalProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FallbackProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FileFormatProperty'>: <Location.POST_WITH: 'POST_WITH'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FreespaceProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GlobalProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.HeapProperty'>: <Location.POST_WITH: 'POST_WITH'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InheritsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IcebergProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InputModelProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsolatedLoadingProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JournalProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LanguageProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LikeProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LocationProperty'>: <Location.UNSUPPORTED: 'UNSUPPORTED'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LockProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LockingProperty'>: <Location.POST_ALIAS: 'POST_ALIAS'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MaterializedProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MergeBlockRatioProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NoPrimaryIndexProperty'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnCommitProperty'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Order'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OutputModelProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PartitionedByProperty'>: <Location.POST_WITH: 'POST_WITH'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PartitionedOfProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PrimaryKey'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Property'>: <Location.POST_WITH: 'POST_WITH'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RemoteWithConnectionModelProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ReturnsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RowFormatProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RowFormatDelimitedProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RowFormatSerdeProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SampleProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SchemaCommentProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SecureProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SerdeProperties'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Set'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SettingsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SetProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SetConfigProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SharingProperty'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SequenceProperties'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SortKeyProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SqlReadWriteProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SqlSecurityProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StabilityProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrictProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TemporaryProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToTableProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TransientProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TransformModelProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MergeTreeTTL'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnloggedProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ViewAttributeProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VolatileProperty'>: <Location.UNSUPPORTED: 'UNSUPPORTED'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithDataProperty'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithJournalTableProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithSystemVersioningProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>}
TYPE_MAPPING = {<Type.NCHAR: 'NCHAR'>: 'CHAR', <Type.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>: 'VARCHAR', <Type.MEDIUMTEXT: 'MEDIUMTEXT'>: 'TEXT', <Type.LONGTEXT: 'LONGTEXT'>: 'TEXT', <Type.TINYTEXT: 'TINYTEXT'>: 'TEXT', <Type.MEDIUMBLOB: 'MEDIUMBLOB'>: 'BLOB', <Type.LONGBLOB: 'LONGBLOB'>: 'BLOB', <Type.TINYBLOB: 'TINYBLOB'>: 'BLOB', <Type.INET: 'INET'>: 'INET', <Type.ROWVERSION: 'ROWVERSION'>: 'VARBINARY', <Type.INT: 'INT'>: 'INTEGER', <Type.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>: 'REAL', <Type.BINARY: 'BINARY'>: 'VARBINARY', <Type.TEXT: 'TEXT'>: 'VARCHAR', <Type.TIMETZ: 'TIMETZ'>: 'TIME', <Type.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>: 'TIMESTAMP', <Type.STRUCT: 'STRUCT'>: 'ROW', <Type.DATETIME: 'DATETIME'>: 'TIMESTAMP', <Type.DATETIME64: 'DATETIME64'>: 'TIMESTAMP', <Type.HLLSKETCH: 'HLLSKETCH'>: 'HYPERLOGLOG'}
TRANSFORMS = {<class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathFilter'>: <function <lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathKey'>: <function <lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathRecursive'>: <function <lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathRoot'>: <function <lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathScript'>: <function <lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathSelector'>: <function <lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathSlice'>: <function <lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathSubscript'>: <function <lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathUnion'>: <function <lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathWildcard'>: <function <lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AllowedValuesProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AutoRefreshProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BackupProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CaseSpecificColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CharacterSetColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CharacterSetProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ClusteredColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CollateColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CommentColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ConnectByRoot'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CopyGrantsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateFormatColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DefaultColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DynamicProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EncodeColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EphemeralColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExcludeColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExecuteAsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExternalProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GlobalProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.HeapProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IcebergProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InheritsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InlineLengthColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InputModelProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IntervalSpan'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONExtract'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONExtractScalar'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LanguageProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LocationProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MaterializedProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NonClusteredColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NoPrimaryIndexProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NotForReplicationColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnCommitProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnUpdateColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OutputModelProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PathColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ProjectionPolicyColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RemoteWithConnectionModelProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ReturnsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SampleProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SecureProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SetConfigProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SetProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SettingsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SharingProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SqlReadWriteProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SqlSecurityProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StabilityProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrictProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TemporaryProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TagColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TitleColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Timestamp'>: <function no_timestamp_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToMap'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToTableProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TransformModelProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TransientProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UppercaseColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnloggedProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VarMap'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ViewAttributeProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VolatileProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithJournalTableProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithOperator'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AnyValue'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxDistinct'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxQuantile'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMax'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMin'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Array'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayAny'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayConcat'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContains'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySize'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayToString'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayUniqueAgg'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AtTimeZone'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BitwiseAnd'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BitwiseLeftShift'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BitwiseNot'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BitwiseOr'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BitwiseRightShift'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BitwiseXor'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Cast'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentTimestamp'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateAdd'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateDiff'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateStrToDate'>: <function datestrtodate_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateToDi'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateSub'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Decode'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DiToDate'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Encode'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FileFormatProperty'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.First'>: <function _first_last_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FirstValue'>: <function _first_last_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FromTimeZone'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Group'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GroupConcat'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.If'>: <function if_sql.<locals>._if_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ILike'>: <function no_ilike_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Initcap'>: <function _initcap_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Last'>: <function _first_last_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LastValue'>: <function _first_last_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LastDay'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Lateral'>: <function _explode_to_unnest_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Left'>: <function left_to_substring_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Levenshtein'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalAnd'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalOr'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Pivot'>: <function no_pivot_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Quantile'>: <function _quantile_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpExtract'>: <function regexp_extract_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Right'>: <function right_to_substring_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SafeDivide'>: <function no_safe_divide_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Schema'>: <function _schema_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SchemaCommentProperty'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Select'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SortArray'>: <function _no_sort_array>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrPosition'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToDate'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToMap'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToTime'>: <function _str_to_time_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StructExtract'>: <function struct_extract_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Table'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampTrunc'>: <function timestamptrunc_sql.<locals>._timestamptrunc_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToDate'>: <function timestrtotime_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToTime'>: <function timestrtotime_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToUnix'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeToStr'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeToUnix'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToChar'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TryCast'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDiToDi'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsAdd'>: <function _ts_or_ds_add_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsDiff'>: <function _ts_or_ds_diff_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToDate'>: <function _ts_or_ds_to_date_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Unhex'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToStr'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToTime'>: <function _unix_to_time_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToTimeStr'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VariancePop'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.With'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithinGroup'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Xor'>: <function bool_xor_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MD5'>: <function Presto.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MD5Digest'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SHA'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SHA2'>: <function sha256_sql>}
RESERVED_KEYWORDS = {'outer', 'order', 'and', 'between', 'group', 'null', 'where', 'current_time', 'values', 'select', 'extract', 'cross', 'union', 'is', 'not', 'true', 'using', 'exists', 'for', 'insert', 'deallocate', 'natural', 'describe', 'like', 'with', 'into', 'intersect', 'end', 'as', 'full', 'create', 'execute', 'alter', 'from', 'inner', 'left', 'prepare', 'constraint', 'on', 'or', 'having', 'right', 'when', 'by', 'cast', 'join', 'escape', 'distinct', 'drop', 'in', 'false', 'delete', 'current_timestamp', 'then', 'case', 'else', 'table', 'except'}
def strtounix_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.StrToUnix) -> str:
521        def strtounix_sql(self, expression: exp.StrToUnix) -> str:
522            # Since `TO_UNIXTIME` requires a `TIMESTAMP`, we need to parse the argument into one.
523            # To do this, we first try to `DATE_PARSE` it, but since this can fail when there's a
524            # timezone involved, we wrap it in a `TRY` call and use `PARSE_DATETIME` as a fallback,
525            # which seems to be using the same time mapping as Hive, as per:
526            # https://joda-time.sourceforge.net/apidocs/org/joda/time/format/DateTimeFormat.html
527            value_as_text = exp.cast(expression.this, exp.DataType.Type.TEXT)
528            parse_without_tz = self.func("DATE_PARSE", value_as_text, self.format_time(expression))
529            parse_with_tz = self.func(
530                "PARSE_DATETIME",
531                value_as_text,
532                self.format_time(expression, Hive.INVERSE_TIME_MAPPING, Hive.INVERSE_TIME_TRIE),
533            )
534            coalesced = self.func("COALESCE", self.func("TRY", parse_without_tz), parse_with_tz)
535            return self.func("TO_UNIXTIME", coalesced)
def bracket_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Bracket) -> str:
537        def bracket_sql(self, expression: exp.Bracket) -> str:
538            if expression.args.get("safe"):
539                return self.func(
540                    "ELEMENT_AT",
541                    expression.this,
542                    seq_get(
543                        apply_index_offset(
544                            expression.this,
545                            expression.expressions,
546                            1 - expression.args.get("offset", 0),
547                        ),
548                        0,
549                    ),
550                )
551            return super().bracket_sql(expression)
def struct_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Struct) -> str:
553        def struct_sql(self, expression: exp.Struct) -> str:
554            from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types
555
556            expression = annotate_types(expression)
557            values: t.List[str] = []
558            schema: t.List[str] = []
559            unknown_type = False
560
561            for e in expression.expressions:
562                if isinstance(e, exp.PropertyEQ):
563                    if e.type and e.type.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.UNKNOWN):
564                        unknown_type = True
565                    else:
566                        schema.append(f"{self.sql(e, 'this')} {self.sql(e.type)}")
567                    values.append(self.sql(e, "expression"))
568                else:
569                    values.append(self.sql(e))
570
571            size = len(expression.expressions)
572
573            if not size or len(schema) != size:
574                if unknown_type:
575                    self.unsupported(
576                        "Cannot convert untyped key-value definitions (try annotate_types)."
577                    )
578                return self.func("ROW", *values)
579            return f"CAST(ROW({', '.join(values)}) AS ROW({', '.join(schema)}))"
def interval_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Interval) -> str:
581        def interval_sql(self, expression: exp.Interval) -> str:
582            if expression.this and expression.text("unit").upper().startswith("WEEK"):
583                return f"({expression.this.name} * INTERVAL '7' DAY)"
584            return super().interval_sql(expression)
def transaction_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Transaction) -> str:
586        def transaction_sql(self, expression: exp.Transaction) -> str:
587            modes = expression.args.get("modes")
588            modes = f" {', '.join(modes)}" if modes else ""
589            return f"START TRANSACTION{modes}"
def generateseries_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.GenerateSeries) -> str:
591        def generateseries_sql(self, expression: exp.GenerateSeries) -> str:
592            start = expression.args["start"]
593            end = expression.args["end"]
594            step = expression.args.get("step")
595
596            if isinstance(start, exp.Cast):
597                target_type = start.to
598            elif isinstance(end, exp.Cast):
599                target_type = end.to
600            else:
601                target_type = None
602
603            if target_type and target_type.is_type("timestamp"):
604                if target_type is start.to:
605                    end = exp.cast(end, target_type)
606                else:
607                    start = exp.cast(start, target_type)
608
609            return self.func("SEQUENCE", start, end, step)
def offset_limit_modifiers( self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Expression, fetch: bool, limit: Union[sqlglot.expressions.Fetch, sqlglot.expressions.Limit, NoneType]) -> List[str]:
611        def offset_limit_modifiers(
612            self, expression: exp.Expression, fetch: bool, limit: t.Optional[exp.Fetch | exp.Limit]
613        ) -> t.List[str]:
614            return [
615                self.sql(expression, "offset"),
616                self.sql(limit),
617            ]
def create_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Create) -> str:
619        def create_sql(self, expression: exp.Create) -> str:
620            """
621            Presto doesn't support CREATE VIEW with expressions (ex: `CREATE VIEW x (cola)` then `(cola)` is the expression),
622            so we need to remove them
623            """
624            kind = expression.args["kind"]
625            schema = expression.this
626            if kind == "VIEW" and schema.expressions:
627                expression.this.set("expressions", None)
628            return super().create_sql(expression)

Presto doesn't support CREATE VIEW with expressions (ex: CREATE VIEW x (cola) then (cola) is the expression), so we need to remove them

def delete_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Delete) -> str:
630        def delete_sql(self, expression: exp.Delete) -> str:
631            """
632            Presto only supports DELETE FROM for a single table without an alias, so we need
633            to remove the unnecessary parts. If the original DELETE statement contains more
634            than one table to be deleted, we can't safely map it 1-1 to a Presto statement.
635            """
636            tables = expression.args.get("tables") or [expression.this]
637            if len(tables) > 1:
638                return super().delete_sql(expression)
639
640            table = tables[0]
641            expression.set("this", table)
642            expression.set("tables", None)
643
644            if isinstance(table, exp.Table):
645                table_alias = table.args.get("alias")
646                if table_alias:
647                    table_alias.pop()
648                    expression = t.cast(exp.Delete, expression.transform(unqualify_columns))
649
650            return super().delete_sql(expression)

Presto only supports DELETE FROM for a single table without an alias, so we need to remove the unnecessary parts. If the original DELETE statement contains more than one table to be deleted, we can't safely map it 1-1 to a Presto statement.

SELECT_KINDS: Tuple[str, ...] = ()
AFTER_HAVING_MODIFIER_TRANSFORMS = {'qualify': <function Generator.<lambda>>, 'windows': <function Generator.<lambda>>}
Inherited Members
sqlglot.generator.Generator
Generator
NULL_ORDERING_SUPPORTED
IGNORE_NULLS_IN_FUNC
LOCKING_READS_SUPPORTED
EXPLICIT_SET_OP
WRAP_DERIVED_VALUES
CREATE_FUNCTION_RETURN_AS
MATCHED_BY_SOURCE
SINGLE_STRING_INTERVAL
LIMIT_FETCH
RENAME_TABLE_WITH_DB
GROUPINGS_SEP
INDEX_ON
QUERY_HINT_SEP
DUPLICATE_KEY_UPDATE_WITH_SET
LIMIT_IS_TOP
RETURNING_END
EXTRACT_ALLOWS_QUOTES
VALUES_AS_TABLE
ALTER_TABLE_INCLUDE_COLUMN_KEYWORD
UNNEST_WITH_ORDINALITY
AGGREGATE_FILTER_SUPPORTED
SEMI_ANTI_JOIN_WITH_SIDE
COMPUTED_COLUMN_WITH_TYPE
SUPPORTS_TABLE_COPY
TABLESAMPLE_REQUIRES_PARENS
TABLESAMPLE_SIZE_IS_ROWS
TABLESAMPLE_KEYWORDS
TABLESAMPLE_WITH_METHOD
TABLESAMPLE_SEED_KEYWORD
COLLATE_IS_FUNC
DATA_TYPE_SPECIFIERS_ALLOWED
ENSURE_BOOLS
CTE_RECURSIVE_KEYWORD_REQUIRED
LAST_DAY_SUPPORTS_DATE_PART
SUPPORTS_TABLE_ALIAS_COLUMNS
UNPIVOT_ALIASES_ARE_IDENTIFIERS
JSON_KEY_VALUE_PAIR_SEP
INSERT_OVERWRITE
SUPPORTS_SELECT_INTO
SUPPORTS_UNLOGGED_TABLES
SUPPORTS_CREATE_TABLE_LIKE
JSON_TYPE_REQUIRED_FOR_EXTRACTION
JSON_PATH_BRACKETED_KEY_SUPPORTED
JSON_PATH_SINGLE_QUOTE_ESCAPE
SUPPORTED_JSON_PATH_PARTS
CAN_IMPLEMENT_ARRAY_ANY
SET_OP_MODIFIERS
COPY_PARAMS_ARE_WRAPPED
COPY_PARAMS_EQ_REQUIRED
COPY_HAS_INTO_KEYWORD
TRY_SUPPORTED
SUPPORTS_UESCAPE
STAR_EXCEPT
WITH_PROPERTIES_PREFIX
QUOTE_JSON_PATH
TIME_PART_SINGULARS
TOKEN_MAPPING
PARAMETER_TOKEN
NAMED_PLACEHOLDER_TOKEN
WITH_SEPARATED_COMMENTS
EXCLUDE_COMMENTS
UNWRAPPED_INTERVAL_VALUES
PARAMETERIZABLE_TEXT_TYPES
EXPRESSIONS_WITHOUT_NESTED_CTES
SENTINEL_LINE_BREAK
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